List of State Leaders in 1993 - Europe

Europe

  • Albania -
    • President - Sali Berisha, President of Albania (1992–1997)
    • Prime Minister - Aleksander Meksi, Prime Minister of Albania (1992–1997)
  • Andorra -
    • Monarchs -
      • French Co-Prince - François Mitterrand, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1981–1995)
      • Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Martí i Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1971–2003)
    • Prime Minister - Òscar Ribas Reig, Head of Government of Andorra (1990–1994)
  • Armenia -
    • President - Levon Ter-Petrossian, President of Armenia (1990–1998)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Khosrov Harutyunyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (1992–1993)
      2. Hrant Bagratyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (1993–1996)
  • Austria -
    • President - Thomas Klestil, Federal President of Austria (1992–2004)
    • Chancellor - Franz Vranitzky, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1986–1997)
  • Azerbaijan -
    • President -
      1. Abulfaz Elchibey, President of Azerbaijan (1992–1993)
      2. Heydar Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (1993–2003)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Rahim Huseynov, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (1992–1993)
      2. Ali Masimov, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (1993)
      3. Panakh Huseynov, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (1993)
      4. Suret Huseynov, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (1993–1994)
    • Nagorno-Karabakh (unrecognized, secessionist state)
      • Head of State -
        1. Georgy Petrosyan, Acting Chairman of the Parliament of Nagorno-Karabakh (1992–1993)
        2. Garen Baburyan, Acting Chairman of the Parliament of Nagorno-Karabakh (1993–1994)
      • Prime Minister - Robert Kocharyan, Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh (1992–1994)
  • Belarus -
    • Head of State - Stanislau Shushkevich, Chairman of Supreme Soviet of Republic of Belarus (1991–1994)
    • Premier - Vyachaslau Kebich, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Belarus (1990–1994)
  • Belgium -
    • Monarch -
      1. Baudouin, King of the Belgians (1951–1993)
      2. Dehaene government, Acting Head of State of Belgium (1993)
      3. Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–present)
    • Prime Minister - Jean-Luc Dehaene, Prime Minister of Belgium (1992–1999)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina -
    • President - Alija Izetbegović, President of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1990–1996)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Mile Akmadžić, Prime Minister of Bosnia and Hercegovina (1992–1993)
      2. Haris Silajdžić, Prime Minister of Bosnia and Hercegovina (1993–1996)
  • Bulgaria -
    • President - Zhelyu Zhelev, President of Bulgaria (1990–1997)
    • Prime Minister - Lyuben Berov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1992–1994)
  • Croatia -
    • President - Franjo Tuđman, President of Croatia (1990–1999)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Hrvoje Šarinić, President of the Government of Croatia (1992–1993)
      2. Nikica Valentić, President of the Government of Croatia (1993–1995)
    • Republic of Serbian Krajina (unrecognized secessionist state)
      • President - Goran Hadžić, President of Serbian Krajina (1992–1994)
      • Prime Minister -
        1. Zdravko Zecevic, Prime Minister of Serbian Krajina (1992–1993)
        2. Djordje Bjegovic, Prime Minister of Serbian Krajina (1993–1994)
  • Cyprus -
    • President -
      1. George Vasiliou, President of Cyprus (1988–1993)
      2. Glafcos Clerides, President of Cyprus (1993–2003)
    • Northern Cyprus (unrecognized, secessionist state)
      • President - Rauf Denktaş, President of Northern Cyprus (1975–2005)
      • Prime Minister - Derviş Eroğlu, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (1985–1994)
  • Czech Republic -
    • the Czech Socialist Republic gained independence on 1 January 1993 with the dissolution of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic
    • President - Václav Havel, President of the Czech Republic (1993–2003)
    • Prime Minister - Václav Klaus, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (1992–1997)
  • Denmark
    • Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Poul Schlüter, Prime Minister of Denmark (1982–1993)
      2. Poul Nyrup Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (1993–2001)
  • Estonia -
    • President - Lennart Meri, President of Estonia (1992–2001)
    • Prime Minister - Mart Laar, Prime Minister of Estonia (1992–1994)
  • Finland -
    • President - Mauno Koivisto, President of Finland, (1982–1994)
    • Prime Minister - Esko Aho, Prime Minister of Finland, (1991–1995)
  • France -
    • President - François Mitterrand, President of France (1981–1995)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Pierre Bérégovoy, Prime Minister of France (1992–1993)
      2. Édouard Balladur, Prime Minister of France (1993–1995)
  • Georgia -
    • Head of State - Eduard Shevardnadze, Chairman of the Parliament of Georgia (1992–2003)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Tengiz Sigua, Prime Minister of Georgia (1992–1993)
      2. Eduard Shevardnadze, Acting Prime Minister of Georgia (1993)
      3. Otar Patsatsia, Prime Minister of Georgia (1993–1995)
    • Abkhazia (unrecognized secessionist state)
      • Head of State - Vladislav Ardzinba, Chairman of the parliament of Abkhazia (1990–2005)
      • Prime Minister -
        1. Vazha Zarandia, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (1992–1993)
        2. Sokrat Jinjolia, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (1993–1994)
    • South Ossetia (unrecognized secessionist state)
      • Head of State -
        1. Torez Kulumbegov, Chairman of the Supreme Council of South Ossetia (1991–1993)
        2. Lyudvig Chibirov, Chairman of the Supreme Council of South Ossetia (1993–2001)
      • Prime Minister -
        1. Oleg Teziev, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (1991–1993)
        2. Gerasim Khugavey, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (1993–1994)
  • Germany -
    • President - Richard von Weizsäcker, Federal President of Germany (1984–1994)
    • Chancellor - Helmut Kohl, Federal Chancellor of Germany (1982–1998)
  • Greece -
    • President - Konstantinos Karamanlis, President of Greece (1990–1995)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Konstantinos Mitsotakis, Prime Minister of Greece (1990–1993)
      2. Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (1993–1996)
  • Hungary -
    • President - Árpád Göncz, President of Hungary (1990–2000)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. József Antall, Prime Minister of Hungary (1990–1993)
      2. Péter Boross, Prime Minister of Hungary (1993–1994)
  • Iceland -
    • President - Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, President of Iceland (1980–1996)
    • Prime Minister - Davíð Oddsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1991–2004)
  • Ireland -
    • President - Mary Robinson, President of Ireland (1990–1997)
    • Prime Minister - Albert Reynolds, Taoiseach of Ireland (1992–1994)
  • Italy -
    • President - Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, President of Italy (1992–1999)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Giuliano Amato, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1992–1993)
      2. Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1993–1994)
  • Latvia -
    • President -
      1. Anatolijs Gorbunovs, President of Latvia (1988–1993)
      2. Guntis Ulmanis, President of Latvia (1993–1999)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Ivars Godmanis, Prime Minister of Latvia (1990–1993)
      2. Valdis Birkavs, Prime Minister of Latvia (1993–1994)
  • Liechtenstein -
    • Monarch - Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Hans Brunhart, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1978–1993)
      2. Markus Büchel, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1993)
      3. Mario Frick, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1993–2001)
  • Lithuania -
    • President - Algirdas Brazauskas, President of Lithuania (1992–1998)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Bronislovas Lubys, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1992–1993)
      2. Adolfas Šleževičius, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1993–1996)
  • Luxembourg -
    • Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964–2000)
    • Prime Minister - Jacques Santer, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1984–1995)
  • Macedonia -
    • President - Kiro Gligorov, President of Macedonia (1991–1999)
    • Prime Minister - Branko Crvenkovski, Prime Minister of Macedonia (1992–1998)
  • Malta -
    • President - Ċensu Tabone, President of Malta (1989–1994)
    • Prime Minister - Eddie Fenech Adami, Prime Minister of Malta (1987–1996)
  • Moldova -
    • President - Mircea Snegur, President of Moldova (1989–1997)
    • Prime Minister - Andrei Sangheli, Prime Minister of Moldova (1992–1997)
    • Gagauzia (unrecognized secessionist state)
      • President - Stepan Topal, President of Gagauzia (1990–1995)
    • Transnistria (unrecognized secessionist state)
      • President - Igor Smirnov, President of Transnistria (1990–2011)
  • Monaco -
    • Monarch - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
    • Head of Government - Jaques Dupont, Minister of State of Monaco (1991–1994)
  • Kingdom of the Netherlands
    • Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–present)
    • Netherlands (constituent country)
      • Prime Minister - Ruud Lubbers, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1982–1994)
    • Netherlands Antilles (constituent country)
      • see under North America
    • Aruba (constituent country)
      • see under North America
  • Norway -
    • Monarch - Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
    • Prime Minister - Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway (1990–1996)
  • Poland -
    • President - Lech Wałęsa, President of Poland (1990–1995)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Hanna Suchocka, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1992–1993)
      2. Waldemar Pawlak, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1993–1995)
  • Portugal -
    • President - Mário Soares, President of Portugal (1986–1996)
    • Prime Minister - Aníbal Cavaco Silva, Prime Minister of Portugal (1985–1995)
  • Romania -
    • President - Ion Iliescu, President of Romania (1989–1996)
    • Prime Minister - Nicolae Văcăroiu, Prime Minister of Romania (1992–1996)
  • Russia -
    • President - Boris Yeltsin, President of Russia (1990–1999)
    • Prime Minister - Viktor Chernomyrdin, Chairman of the Government of Russia (1992–1998)
    • Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (unrecognized secessionist state)
      • President - Dzhokhar Dudayev, President of Ichkeria (1991–1996)
  • San Marino -
    • Captains Regent -
      1. Romeo Morri and Marino Zanotti, Captains Regent of San Marino (1992–1993)
      2. Patrizia Busignani and Salvatore Tonelli, Captains Regent of San Marino (1993)
      3. Gian Luigi Berti and Paride Andreoli, Captains Regent of San Marino (1993–1994)
  • Slovakia -
    • the Slovak Socialist Republic gained independence on 1 January 1993 with the dissolution of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic
    • President -
      1. Vladimír Mečiar, Acting President of Slovakia (1993)
      2. Michal Kováč, President of Slovakia (1993–1998)
    • Prime Minister - Vladimír Mečiar, Prime Minister of Slovakia (1992–1994)
  • Slovenia -
    • President - Milan Kučan, President of Slovenia (1990–2002)
    • Prime Minister - Janez Drnovšek, Prime Minister of Slovenia (1992–2000)
  • Spain -
    • Monarch - Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975–present)
    • Prime Minister - Felipe González, President of the Government of Spain (1982–1996)
  • Sweden -
    • Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
    • Prime Minister - Carl Bildt, Prime Minister of Sweden (1991–1994)
  • Switzerland -
    • Swiss Federal Council:
      René Felber (1987–1993), Otto Stich (1983–1995), Jean-Pascal Delamuraz (1983–1998), Arnold Koller (1986–1999), Flavio Cotti (1986–1999), Adolf Ogi (1987–2000, President), Kaspar Villiger (1989–2003)
  • Ukraine -
    • President - Leonid Kravchuk, President of Ukraine (1990–1994)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Leonid Kuchma, Prime Minister of Ukraine (1992–1993)
      2. Yukhym Zvyahilsky, Acting Prime Minister of Ukraine (1993–1994)
  • United Kingdom -
    • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
    • Prime Minister - John Major, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1990–1997)
    • Guernsey (British Crown dependency)
      • Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Michael Wilkins, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1990–1994)
      • Bailiff - Sir Graham Dorey, Bailiff of Guernsey (1992–1999)
    • Jersey (British Crown dependency)
      • Lieutenant-Governor - Sir John Sutton, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (1990–1995)
      • Bailiff - Sir Peter Crill, Bailiff of Jersey (1986–1995)
    • Isle of Man (British Crown dependency)
      • Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Laurence Jones, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (1990–1995)
      • Chief minister - Miles Walker, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (1986–1996)
    • Gibraltar (British dependent territory)
      • Governor -
        1. Sir Derek Reffell, Governor of Gibraltar (1989–1993)
        2. Sir John Chapple, Governor of Gibraltar (1993–1995)
      • Chief Minister - Joe Bossano, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1988–1996)
  • Vatican City
    • Monarch - Pope John Paul II, Sovereign of Vatican City (1978–2005)
    • President of the Governorate - Rosalio Lara, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1990–1997)
    • Holy See
      • Secretary of State - Angelo Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State (1990–2006)
  • Yugoslavia -
    • President -
      1. Dobrica Ćosić, President of Yugoslavia (1992–1993)
      2. Miloš Radulović, Acting President of Yugoslavia (1993)
      3. Zoran Lilić, President of Yugoslavia (1993–1997)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Milan Panić, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1992–1993)
      2. Radoje Kontić, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1993–1998)
    • Republic of Kosova (unrecognized secessionist state)
      • President - Ibrahim Rugova, President of the Republic of Kosova (1992–2000)
      • Prime Minister - Bujar Bukoshi, Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosova (1991–2000)

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