Human Spaceflight Firsts
| First | Person(s) | Mission | Country | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person to reach space Person in orbit |
Yuri Gagarin | Vostok 1 | USSR | 12 April 1961 |
| Person to land (splashdown) in a spacecraft after spaceflight |
Alan Shepard | Freedom 7 | USA | 5 May 1961 |
| Person in space for over 24 hours Multiple orbits spaceflight |
Gherman Titov | Vostok 2 | USSR | 6 August 1961 – 7 August 1961 |
| Person to land (splashdown) in a spacecraft after orbital flight |
John Glenn | Friendship 7 | USA | 20 February 1962 |
| Group flight Adjacent orbits Spacecraft-to-spacecraft communications |
Andrian Nikolayev Pavel Popovich |
Vostok 3 Vostok 4 |
USSR | 12 August 1962 – 15 August 1962 |
| Woman in space Civilian in space |
Valentina Tereshkova | Vostok 6 | USSR | 16 June 1963 – 19 June 1963 |
| Spaceflight (suborbital) by winged spacecraft | Joe Walker | X-15 Flight 90 | USA | 19 July 1963 |
| Person to enter space twice (suborbital flights above 100 km) | Joe Walker | X-15 Flights 90 and 91 |
USA | 22 August 1963 |
| Three-person spaceflight, single spacecraft Persons to land in a spacecraft on hard ground Manned flight without pressurized spacesuits |
Vladimir Komarov Konstantin Feoktistov Boris Yegorov |
Voskhod 1 | USSR | 12 October 1964 – 13 October 1964 |
| Spacewalk |
Alexey Leonov | Voskhod 2 | USSR | 18 March 1965 |
| Orbital maneuvers (change orbit) | Gus Grissom, John W. Young | Gemini 3 | USA | 23 March 1965 |
| Person to fly two orbital spaceflights | Gordon Cooper | Faith 7 Gemini 5 |
USA | 15 May 1963 – 16 May 1963; 21 August 1965 – 29 August 1965 |
| Persons to spend one week in space | Gordon Cooper Pete Conrad |
Gemini 5 | USA | 21 August 1965 – 29 August 1965 |
| Space rendezvous (orbital maneuver and station-keeping) Four people in space |
Frank Borman, Jim Lovell Walter Schirra, Thomas Stafford |
Gemini 7 Gemini 6A |
USA | 15 December 1965 – 16 December 1965 |
| Space docking |
Neil Armstrong David Scott |
Gemini 8 and Agena | USA | 16 March 1966 |
| Multiple rendezvous | John W. Young Michael Collins |
Gemini 10 with Agena 10 and Agena 8 | USA | 19 July 1966; 20 July 1966 |
| Spaceflight fatality (during landing) | Vladimir Komarov | Soyuz 1 | USSR | 23 April 1967 – 24 April 1967 |
| Person to complete three spaceflights | Walter Schirra | Apollo 7 (previous flights Mercury-Atlas 8, Gemini 6A) |
USA | 22 October 1968 |
| Persons to leave Low Earth orbit (LEO) Persons to enter lunar orbit |
Frank Borman Jim Lovell Bill Anders |
Apollo 8 | USA | 24 December 1968 – 25 December 1968 |
| Space docking of two manned spacecraft Dual spacewalk Сrew transfer (Khrunov, Yeliseyev) |
Vladimir Shatalov Boris Volynov Aleksei Yeliseyev Yevgeny Khrunov |
Soyuz 4 Soyuz 5 |
USSR | 16 January 1969 |
| Moon landing/ planetary surface EVA |
Neil Armstrong Buzz Aldrin |
Apollo 11 | USA | 20 July 1969 |
| Time five people are in space | Georgi Shonin, Valeri Kubasov Anatoly Filipchenko, Vladislav Volkov, Viktor Gorbatko |
Soyuz 6 Soyuz 7 |
USSR | 12 October 1969 – 13 October 1969 |
| Triple spaceflight Seven-people in space |
Shonin, Kubasov Filipchenko, Volkov, Gorbatko Vladimir Shatalov, Aleksei Yeliseyev |
Soyuz 6 Soyuz 7 Soyuz 8 |
USSR | 13 October 1969 – 16 October 1969 |
| Person to complete four spaceflights | James A. Lovell | Apollo 13 (previous flights Gemini 7, Gemini 12, Apollo 8) |
USA | 17 April 1970 |
| Person to fly two lunar flights | James A. Lovell | Apollo 13 (previous flight Apollo 8) |
USA | 11 April 1970 – 17 April 1970 |
| People to spend two weeks in space Night launch |
Andrian Nikolayev Vitali Sevastyanov |
Soyuz 9 | USSR | 1 June 1970 – 19 June 1970 |
| People to EVA out of sight of their spacecraft |
Alan Shepard Edgar Mitchell |
Apollo 14 | USA | 6 February 1971 |
| Docking with space station Night landing |
Vladimir Shatalov Aleksei Yeliseyev Nikolai Rukavishnikov |
Soyuz 10 docked with Salyut 1 (soft dock) |
USSR | 22 April 1971 – 24 April 1971 |
| Manned space station |
Georgi Dobrovolski Viktor Patsayev Vladislav Volkov |
Soyuz 11 docked with Salyut 1 |
USSR | 7 June 1971 – 29 June 1971 |
| In-space fatalities | Georgi Dobrovolski Viktor Patsayev Vladislav Volkov |
Soyuz 11 | USSR | 29 June 1971 |
| EVA in outer space outside Low Earth orbit (trans-Earth trajectory) |
Al Worden | Apollo 15 | USA | 5 August 1971 |
| Person twice in lunar orbit (during separate lunar expeditions) |
John W. Young | Apollo 16 | USA | 16 April 1972 – 27 April 1972 |
| People in orbit for four weeks |
Pete Conrad Joseph Kerwin Paul Weitz |
Skylab 2 | USA | 25 May 1973 – 22 June 1973 |
| People in orbit for eight weeks |
Alan Bean Jack Lousma Owen Garriott |
Skylab 3 | USA | 28 July 1973 – 25 September 1973 |
| People in orbit for 12 weeks |
Gerald Carr William Pogue Edward Gibson |
Skylab 4 | USA | 16 November 1973 – 8 February 1974 |
| Spaceflight aborted during liftoff (at 145 kilometres (90 mi) altitude) Re-entry (emergency) with 20g acceleration |
Vasily Lazarev, Oleg Makarov | Soyuz 18a | USSR | 5 April 1975 |
| Crew to visit occupied space station | Vladimir Dzhanibekov, Oleg Makarov | Soyuz 27 visits Salyut 6 EO-1 crew | USSR | 10 January 1978 – 16 January 1978 |
| People in orbit 19 weeks (4 months) |
Vladimir Kovalyonok, Aleksandr Ivanchenkov | Salyut 6 EO-2, Soyuz 29-Soyuz 31 | USSR | 15 June 1978 – 2 November 1978 |
| People in orbit 26 weeks (6 months) |
Leonid Popov, Valery Ryumin | Salyut 6 EO-4, Soyuz 35-Soyuz 37 | USSR | 9 April 1980 – 11 October 1980 |
| Spaceflight (orbital) by winged spacecraft | John W. Young Robert L. Crippen |
STS-1 | USA | 12 April 1981 |
| Person to fly four different types of spacecraft | John W. Young | STS-1 | USA | 12 April 1981 |
| Person to complete five spaceflights | John W. Young | STS-1 (previous flights Gemini 3, Gemini 10, Apollo 10, Apollo 16) |
USA | 14 April 1981 |
| Four-person spaceflight, single spacecraft |
Vance Brand, Robert F. Overmyer Joseph P. Allen, William B. Lenoir |
STS-5 | USA | 11 November 1982 – 16 November 1982 |
| Five-person spaceflight, single spacecraft |
Robert L. Crippen, Frederick H. Hauck John M. Fabian, Sally K. Ride, Norman E. Thagard |
STS-7 | USA | 18 June 1983 – 24 June 1983 |
| Six-person spaceflight, single spacecraft |
John W. Young, Brewster H. Shaw, Owen K. Garriott, Robert A. Parker, Byron K. Lichtenberg – USA Ulf Merbold – Germany (European Space Agency) |
STS-9 | USA West Germany |
28 November 1983 – 8 December 1983 |
| Person to complete six spaceflights | John W. Young | STS-9 (previous flights Gemini 3, Gemini 10, Apollo 10, Apollo 16, STS-1) |
USA | 8 December 1983 |
| Untethered spacewalk |
Bruce McCandless II | STS-41-B | USA | 7 February 1984 |
| Time eight people in space, no docking | Oleg Atkov, Leonid Kizim, Vladimir Solovyov – USSR Vance D. Brand, Robert L. Gibson, Bruce McCandless II, Ronald McNair, Robert L. Stewart – USA |
Salyut 7 EO-3, Soyuz T-10, STS-41-B | USSR USA |
8 February 1984 – 11 February 1984 |
| Time 11 people in space, no docking | Oleg Atkov, Leonid D. Kizim, Yuri Malyshev, Vladimir Solovyov, Gennady Strekalov – USSR Robert L. Crippen, Terry J. Hart, George Nelson, Francis Scobee, James van Hoften – USA Rakesh Sharma – India |
STS-41-C, Salyut 7 EO-3, Soyuz T-10-Soyuz T-11 | USSR USA India |
6 April 1984 – 11 April 1984 |
| People to complete four spacewalks during the same mission | Leonid Kizim, Vladimir Solovyov | Salyut 7 | USSR | 26 April – 18 May 1984 |
| Spacewalk by woman | Svetlana Savitskaya | Soyuz T-12 | USSR | 25 July 1984 |
| People in orbit 33 weeks (7 months) |
Leonid Kizim, Vladimir Solovyov, Oleg Atkov | Salyut 7 EO-3, Soyuz T-10-Soyuz T-11 | USSR | 8 February 1984 – 2 October 1984 |
| Seven person spaceflight, single spacecraft |
Robert L. Crippen, Jon A. McBride, Kathryn D. Sullivan, Sally K. Ride, David C. Leestma, Paul D. Scully-Power – USA Marc Garneau – Canada |
STS-41-G | USA Canada |
5 October 1984 – 13 October 1984 |
| Time two women in space | Kathryn D. Sullivan, Sally K. Ride | STS-41-G | USA | 5 October 1984 – 13 October 1984 |
| Partial crew exchange at a space station | Alexander Volkov, Vladimir Vasyutin replace Vladimir Dzhanibekov | Soyuz T-14, Salyut 7 | USSR | 17 September 1985 – 26 September 1985 |
| Eight person spaceflight, single spacecraft |
Henry W. Hartsfield, Steven R. Nagel, Bonnie J. Dunbar, James F. Buchli, Guion S. Bluford – USA Reinhard Furrer, Ernst Messerschmid – West Germany Wubbo Ockels – Netherlands (European Space Agency) |
STS-61-A | USA West Germany Netherlands |
30 October 1985 – 6 November 1985 |
| Fatalities during launch | Francis "Dick" Scobee Michael J. Smith Ellison Onizuka Judith Resnik Ronald McNair Sharon Christa McAuliffe Gregory Jarvis |
STS-51-L | USA | 28 January 1986 |
| Space station to space station flight/ Space station to space station return flight/ Expedition on two space stations |
Leonid Kizim Vladimir Solovyov |
Soyuz T-15 from Mir to Salyut 7 back to Mir | USSR | 15 March 1986 – 16 July 1986 |
| Complete crew exchange at a space station | Vladimir Titov, Musa Manarov replace Yuri Romanenko, Alexander Alexandrov | Soyuz TM-4-Soyuz TM-2, Soyuz TM-3, at Mir | USSR | 21 December 1987 – 29 December 1987 |
| People in orbit 52 weeks (one year) |
Vladimir Titov, Musa Manarov | Mir EO-3, Soyuz TM-4-Soyuz TM-6 | USSR | 21 December 1987 – 21 December 1988 |
| Time 12 people in space; no docking | Shuttle: Vance Brand, Samuel Durrance, Guy S. Gardner, Jeffrey A. Hoffman, John M. Lounge, Ronald Parise, Robert A. Parker – USA Mir: Gennady Manakov, Gennady Strekalov – Russia Soyuz and Soyuz/Mir: |
STS-35, Mir EO-7, Soyuz TM-10-Soyuz TM-11 | USSR USA Japan |
2 December 1990 – 10 December 1990 |
| Time three women in space | Millie Hughes-Fulford, Tamara E. Jernigan, M. Rhea Seddon | STS-40 | USA | 5 June 1991 – 14 June 1991 |
| Three-person spacewalk |
Pierre J. Thuot, Richard J. Hieb Thomas D. Akers |
STS-49 | USA | 13 May 1992 |
| Time 13 people in space; no docking | Shuttle: Steve Oswald, William Gregory, John Grunsfeld, Wendy Lawrence, Tammy Jernigan, Sam Durrance, Ron Parise – USA Mir: Aleksandr Viktorenko, Yelena Kondakova, Valeriy Polyakov – Russia Soyuz/Mir: |
STS-67, Mir, Soyuz TM-20, Soyuz TM-21 | USA Russia |
14 March 1995 – 18 March 1995 |
| Time ten people in one spacecraft; docking | Robert L. Gibson, Charles J. Precourt, Ellen S. Baker, Bonnie J. Dunbar, Gregory J. Harbaugh Norman E. Thagard – USA Anatoly Solovyev, Nikolai Budarin, Vladimir Dezhurov, Gennady Strekalov – Russia |
STS-71, Mir, Soyuz TM-21 | USA Russia |
29 June 1995 – 4 July 1995 |
| Person to complete seven trips to space | Jerry L. Ross | STS-110 (previous flights STS-61B, STS-27, STS-37, STS-55, STS-74, STS-88) |
USA | 19 April 2002 |
| Privately-funded human space flight (suborbital) |
Mike Melvill | SpaceShipOne flight 15P | USA | 21 June 2004 |
| Time 13 people in one spacecraft; docking | Michael Barratt, Mark L. Polansky, Douglas G. Hurley, Christopher J. Cassidy, Thomas H. Marshburn, David Wolf, Timothy Kopra – USA Gennady Padalka, Roman Romanenko – Russia Robert Thirsk, Julie Payette – Canada Frank De Winne – Belgium (European Space Agency) Koichi Wakata – Japan |
ISS, Soyuz TMA-14, Soyuz TMA-15, STS-127 | USA Russia Canada Belgium Japan |
17 July 2009 |
| Time four women in space | Shuttle: Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger, Stephanie Wilson – USA Naoko Yamazaki – Japan ISS: Tracy Caldwell Dyson – USA |
STS-131 ISS Expedition 23 |
USA Japan |
5 April 2010 – 20 April 2010 |
Read more about this topic: List Of Spaceflight Records
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