List of Scottish Scientists

List of Scottish engineers and scientists is a list of Scottish scientists.

Scientist Lifespan Primary field Note
Key figures Scottish Enlightenment
Thomas Addison 1881–1949 physician nephrology pioneer
William Aiton 1731–1793 botanist
Alexander Anderson 158?–162? mathematician c. 1582– c. 1620
William Arthur 1894–1979 mathematician
John Logie Baird 1888-1946 engineer television inventor
Ken Bairden 1943–2007 parasitologist, epidemiologist, veterinarian
John Hutton Balfour 1808–1884 botanist
Alexander Graham Bell 1847-1922 engineer, scientist telephone inventor
Eric Temple Bell 1883–1960 mathematician
James W. Black 1924-2010 physician Nobel Prize for Medicine, 1988
Joseph Black 1728–1799 scientist carbon dioxide discoverer
David Brewster 1781–1868 scientist Royal Scottish Society of Arts founder
Thomas Brisbane 1773–1860 astronomer
Robert Brown 1773–1858 botanist Brownian Motion discoverer
David Bruce 1855–1931 pathologist, microbiologist
Phillip Clancey 1917–2001 ornithologist ornithology pioneer
John Craig 1663–1731 mathematician Newton colleague
James Croll 1821-1890 scicentist astronomical theory of 19th C. climate change, leading proponent
Alexander Crum Brown 1838–1922 chemist organic chemistry
William Cullen 1710–1790 physician, chemist
James Dewar 1842–1923 physicist low temperature, vacuum flask inventor
David Drysdale 1877–1946 mathematician
James Alfred Ewing 1855–1935 physicist, engineer
Hugh Falconer 1808–1865 paleontologist
James Ferguson 1710–1776 astronomer, instrument maker
Alexander Fleming 1881–1955 microbiologist Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1945
Williamina Fleming 1857–1911 astronomer cataloguing of stars contributor
James David Forbes 1809–1868 physicist, geologist
Professor George Forbes 1849–1936 scientist electrical engineering, hydro-electric power generation
Robert Fortune 1813–1880 botanist
John Fraser 1750-1811 botanist, plant collector
Patrick Geddes 1854–1932 biologist urban theorist
Sir David Gill 1843–1914 astronomer astrophotography pioneer
Thomas Graham 1805–1869 chemist dialysis discovered
James Gregory 1638–1675 astronomer, mathematician Gregorian reflecting telescope, first described, Robert Hooke later built
James Hall 1761–1832 geologist
M R Henderson 1899-1982 botanist
Thomas Henderson 1798–1844 astronomer Alpha Centauri, first measured distance
James Hutton 1726–1797 geologist scientific basis of geology established
Robert T. A. Innes 1861–1933 astronomer Proxima Centauri discoverer
James Ivory 1765–1842 mathematician
William Jardine 1800–1874 naturalist
Norman Boyd Kinnear 1882–1957 zoologist
Johann von Lamont 1805–1879 astronomer Uranus and Saturn moon orbits calculated
John Leslie 1766–1832 mathematician, physicist heat research
Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister, OM, FRS 1827–1912 surgeon antiseptic surgery introduced, eponymous Listerine
Sir Charles Lyell, 1st Baronet, Kt FRS 1797–1875 geologist, lawyer geology pioneer, (British), foremost of his day
John Macadam 1827–1865 botanist (Scottish-born Australian)
William MacGillivray 1796–1852 naturalist
Sheila Scott Macintyre 1910–1960 mathematician
Colin Maclaurin 1698–1746 mathematician maclaurin series developer
John James Rickard Macleod 1876–1935 biochemist, physiologist Nobel Prize laureate, 1923
William Maclure 1760–1843 geologist
Francis Masson 1741–180? botanist 1741– c. 1805
James Clerk Maxwell 1831–1879 scientist thermodynamics, electromagnetics theorist
Archibald Menzies 1754–1852 botanist, explorer
Philip Miller 1691–1771 botanist
Roderick Murchison 1792–1871 geologist Silurian period first described, investigated
Alexander Murray 1810–1884 geologist
John Napier 1550–1617 mathematician logarithms
William Robert Ogilvie-Grant 1863–1924 ornithologist
Sir William Ramsay 1852–1916 chemist Nobel prize in Chemistry, 1904
William John Macquorn Rankine 1820–1872 engineer, physicist Rankine thermodynamic scale (absolute temperature), proposer
John Richardson 1787–1865 naturalist
William Roxburgh 1759–1815 botanist
Daniel Rutherford 1749-1819 chemist nitrogen element discoverer
Sir James Young Simpson 1811-1870 physician anaesthetic chloroform discoverer, midwifery pioneer
Andrew Smith 1797–1872 zoologist
Charles Piazzi Smyth 1819–1900 astronomer Astronomer Royal of Scotland
Robert Angus Smith 1817–1884 chemist environmental chemistry, acid rain, discoverer
Mary Somerville mathematician, astronomer
Matthew Stewart 1717–1785 mathematician
James Stirling 1692–1770 mathematician
John Struthers 1823-1899 anatomist
William Thomson, Lord Kelvin 1824–1907 mathematician, physicist, engineer
Thomas Telford 1757–1834 engineer, architect civil engineer, canal builder
James Watt 1736–1819 mathematician, engineer steam engine improvements contributed key stage in the Industrial Revolution.
Robert Watson-Watt 1892–1973 scientist radar inventor
Joseph Wedderburn 1882–1948 mathematician
Alexander Wilson 1766–1813 ornithologist ornithology pioneer pre-Audubon (American)
Charles Wilson 1869–1959 physicist cloud chamber inventor
James 'Paraffin' Young 1811–1883 chemist
William Fairbairn 1789–1874 engineer structural
Wardrope David 19??- physicist
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