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- Calamateur, singer, songwriter, musician
- Camera Obscura, band
- Darius Campbell - singer, formerly known as Darius Danesh
- Isobel Campbell - singer formerly of Belle & Sebastian
- Mairi Campbell - singer, composer, violinist, fiddler
- Tracyanne Campbell - singer of Camera Obscura
- Capercaillie, folk band
- Cartoone, band
- Ceilidh Minogue, ceilidh band
- Duncan Chisholm, fiddle player, founder member of Wolfstone
- George Chisholm, jazz trombonist
- Ted Christopher - singer/songwriter, also fronts Bannockburn
- Chou Pahrot - 1970s band
- The Cinematics, alternative rock band
- Bryan Clarke - Napalm Stars/Punk Rock Band
- Close Lobsters, band
- Clouds, 1966–71, forerunners of Progressive Rock
- Cocteau Twins, band
- Codeine Velvet Club, alternative rock band
- Edwyn Collins
- Billy Connolly - comedian and singer, scored a UK #1
- Brian Connolly - Vocalist with The Sweet
- Jimmy Cooper, hammered dulcimer player
- Alex Cornish, singer/songwriter
- The Corries, band
- Cosmic Rough Riders, band
- James Crabb - Classical Accordionist
- Phil Cunningham accordionist
- Justin Currie (born 1964), singer, songwriter and bassist with Del Amitri
- Ivor Cutler (15 January 1923 – 3 March 2006), singer, songwriter and humorist.
- Chris Lake House Musician, mau5trap
Read more about this topic: List Of Scottish Musicians