Caliphates
- The Rashidun Caliphate (632–661)
- The Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) - Successor of the Rashidun Caliphate
- The Umayyad Caliphate of Cordoba in Islamic Spain (756–929–1031)
- The Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258) - Successor of the Umayyad Caliphate
- The Fatimid Caliphate (910–1171)
- The Mamluk Caliphate (Bahri dynasty then preceded by Burji dynasty) (1250–1517)
- The Ottoman Caliphate (1299–1923)
Read more about this topic: List Of Muslim Empires And Dynasties