Ar
- Arabidopsis
- X Arabidopsis thaliana — mouse-ear cress, wall-cress
- Arabis
- N Arabis alpina subsp. alpina — alpine rockcress
- X Arabis alpina subsp. caucasica — wall rockcress, grey rockcress
- N Arabis arenicola var. arenicola — arctic rockcress
- N Arabis arenicola var. pubescens — sand rockcress
- N Arabis canadensis — sicklepod
- N Arabis divaricarpa — limestone rockcress
- N Arabis drummondii — Drummond rockcress
- N Arabis glabra — tower-mustard
- N Arabis hirsuta var. adpressipilis — hairy rockcress, creamflower rockcress
- N Arabis hirsuta var. pycnocarpa — creamflower rockcress
- N Arabis holboelli var. retrofracta — Holboell's rockcress
- N' Arabis holboelli var. secunda — bristly-leaved rockcress
- ? Arabis kamchatica — lyreleaf rockcress (species status disputed)
- N Arabis laevigata — smooth rockcress
- N Arabis lyrata — lyreleaf rockcress
- N Arabis shortii — Short's rockcress
- Aralia
- X Aralia elata — Japanese Angelica-tree, Chinese Angelica-tree
- N Aralia hispida — bristly spikenard, bristly sarsaparilla, dwarf elder
- N Aralia nudicaulis — wild sarsaparilla, small spikenard
- N Aralia racemosa — American spikenard, Indian-root, life-of-man, petty morel
- X Aralia spinosa — Hercules' club, Devil's walkingstick, prickly ash, Angelica tree, toothache tree
- Arceuthobium
- N Arceuthobium americanum — pine mistletoe, American mistletoe, lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe
- N Arceuthobium pusillum — dwarf mistletoe, eastern dwarf mistletoe
- Arctagrostis
- N Arctagrostis latifolia — polargrass
- Arctium
- X Arctium lappa — great burdock
- X Arctium minus subsp. minus — common burdock
- X Arctium minus subsp. nemorosum — lesser burdock
- X Arctium pubens — wood burdock
- X Arctium tomentosum — woolly burdock, tomentose burdock
- X Arctium × nothum (A. lappa × A. minus) — hybrid burdock
- Arctophila
- N Arctophila fulva — pendant grass
- Arctostaphylos
- N Arctostaphylos alpina — alpine bearberry
- N Arctostaphylos rubra — red manzanita
- N Arctostaphylos uva-ursi — bearberry, kinnikinnick, mealberry
- Arenaria
- N Arenaria humifusa — creeping sandwort, low sandwort, spreading sandwort
- X Arenaria serpyllifolia — thymeleaf sandwort
- Arethusa
- N Arethusa bulbosa — dragon's mouth, swamp pink
- Argemone
- X Argemone mexicana — Mexican prickly-poppy
- Arisaema
- N Arisaema dracontium — green dragon Special Concern
- N Arisaema triphyllum — Jack-in-the-pulpit
- Aristida
- N Aristida basiramea — forktip threeawn Endangered
- N Aristida dichotoma — Shinner's threeawn
- N Aristida longespica var. geniculata — red threeawn
- N Aristida longespica var. longespica — slimspike threeawn
- X Aristida oligantha — prairie three-awn grass
- N Aristida purpurascens — arrow feather threeawn
- Aristolochia
- X Aristolochia clematitis — birthwort
- X Aristolochia macrophylla — pipevine
- Armeria
- N Armeria maritima — sea thrift, Labrador sea thrift, foxflower
- Armoracia
- X Armoracia rusticana — horseradish, red cole
- Arnica
- N Arnica angustifolia — narrowleaf arnica, arctic arnica, arctic leopardbane
- N Arnica chamissonis — meadow arnica, Chamisso's arnica, leafy arnica, leafy leopardbane
- N Arnica cordifolia — heartleaf arnica, heartleaf leopardbane
- N Arnica lonchophylla — northern arnica, longleaf arnica, white-plumed arnica, spearleaf arnica
- Arnoglossum
- N Arnoglossum platagineum — tuberous Indian-plantain Special Concern
- Aronia
- N Aronia melanocarpa — black chokeberry
- Arrhenatherum
- X Arrhenatherum elatius — tall oatgrass, French rye, tuber oatgrass, bulbous oatgrass, false oat grass
- Artemisia
- X Artemisia abrotanum — southern wormwood, southernwood, lad's love, oldman
- X Artemisia absinthium — common wormwood, absinthe, absinthe wormwood, European wormwood
- X Artemisia annua — sweet sagewort, annual wormwood, sweet Annie, sweet wormwood, annual mugwort
- X Artemisia biennis — biennial wormwood
- N Artemisia campestris subsp. borealis — boreal wormwood, Canada wormwood
- N Artemisia campestris subsp. caudata — tall wormwood, beach wormwood, wild wormwood, threadleaf sagewort, sagewort wormwood
- N Artemisia dracunculus — wild tarragon, dragon wormwood, dragon sagewort, false tarragon, French tarragon, Russian tarragon
- N Artemisia frigida — fringed sagebrush, prairie sagebrush, fringed sagewort, prairie sagewort, wormwood sage, pasture sage, arctic sagebrush
- N Artemisia ludoviciana — white sage, silver wormwood, prairie sage, western mugwort, darkleaf mugwort, cudweed sagewort, pasture sage, Louisiana wormwood, Louisiana sage, silver king artemisia, white wormwood, white sagebrush
- X Artemisia pontica — Roman wormwood, petite wormwood, green ginger
- X Artemisia stelleriana — hoary sagebrush, dusty miller, beach wormwood, old woman
- N Artemisia tilesii — Tilesius' wormood, mountain sagewort, oldwoman
- X Artemisia vulgaris — common mugwort, common wormwood
- Aruncus
- X Aruncus dioicus — common goat's-beard
Read more about this topic: List Of Canadian Plants By Genus