List Of Acacia Species
Several cladistic analyses have shown that the genus Acacia is not monophyletic. While the subg. Acacia and subg. Phyllodinae are monophyletic, subg. Aculeiferum is not. This subgenus consists of three clades. Therefore, the following list of Acacia species cannot be maintained as a single entity, and must either be split up, or broadened to include species previously not in the genus. This genus has been provisionally divided into 5 genera, Acacia, Vachellia, Senegalia, Acaciella and Mariosousa. The new type species of Acacia has become Acacia penninervis.
Which of these segregate genera is to retain the name Acacia has been controversial. The genus was previously typified with the African species Acacia scorpioides (L.) W.F.Wright, a synonym of Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile. Under the original typification, the name Acacia would stay with the group of species currently recognized as the genus Vachellia. Orchard and Maslin proposed a retypification of the genus Acacia with the species Acacia penninervis Sieber ex DC., an Australian species that is a member of the largest clade within Acacia, a primarily Australian group formerly recognized as Acacia subgenus Phyllodinae, on the basis that this results in the fewest nomenclatural changes. Although this proposal met with strong disagreement by some authors, it was accepted on 16 July 2005 by the XVII International Botanical Congress in Vienna, Austria. Consequently, the name Acacia is conserved for 948 Australian species, 7 in the Pacific Islands, 1 or 2 in Madagascar and 10 in tropical Asia. Those outside Australia are split between the genera Acaciella, Mariosousa, Senegalia, and Vachellia. This decision was upheld at the 2011 Congress.
In its new circumscription, the genus Acacia (now limited to the Australian species) has six subgenera : Botrycephalae, Pulchellae, Plurinerves, Phyllodinae, Juliflorae, Lycopodiifoliae and Alatae (an artificial section)
The other species, distributed in the Indian Ocean, tropical Asia and tropical America will be classified under
- Vachellia (former subgenus Acacia) : 163 species (pantropical)
- Senegalia (former subgenus Aculeiferum) : 203 species (pantropical)
- Acaciella (former subgenus Aculeiferum section Filicinae): 15 species (Americas)
- Mariosousa 13 species, related to Acacia coulteri (A. acatlensis, A. centralis, A. compacta, A. dolichostachya, A. durangensis, A. mammifera, A. millefolia, A. russelliana, A. salazar, A. sericea, A. usumacintensis, and A. willardiana) (Americas)
Two former Australian acacias are re-classified under Vachellia, and another two under Senegalia.
Read more about List Of Acacia Species: Common Species, Other Species
Famous quotes containing the words list of, list and/or species:
“Do your children view themselves as successes or failures? Are they being encouraged to be inquisitive or passive? Are they afraid to challenge authority and to question assumptions? Do they feel comfortable adapting to change? Are they easily discouraged if they cannot arrive at a solution to a problem? The answers to those questions will give you a better appraisal of their education than any list of courses, grades, or test scores.”
—Lawrence Kutner (20th century)
“Every morning I woke in dread, waiting for the day nurse to go on her rounds and announce from the list of names in her hand whether or not I was for shock treatment, the new and fashionable means of quieting people and of making them realize that orders are to be obeyed and floors are to be polished without anyone protesting and faces are to be made to be fixed into smiles and weeping is a crime.”
—Janet Frame (b. 1924)
“Books, gentlemen, are a species of men, and introduced to them you circulate in the “very best society” that this world can furnish, without the intolerable infliction of “dressing” to go into it. In your shabbiest coat and cosiest slippers you may socially chat even with the fastidious Earl of Chesterfield, and lounging under a tree enjoy the divinest intimacy with my late lord of Verulam.”
—Herman Melville (1819–1891)