Ancient DNA Tests
Both mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome DNA tests were conducted on the skeletons and published by the University of Göttingen. Mitochondrial haplogroups found included 17 from H, 5 from T2, 9 from U5b and 5 from J*. Out of the 19 males represented in the cave, 15 yielded the full 12 tested STR values, with twelve showing haplotypes related to I2b2 (at least four lineages), two to R1a (probably one lineage), and one to R1b predicted haplogroups. Y-STR results are given in the table below:
Y-STR Haplotypes of the 19 male individuals
HT | 393 | 390 | 19 | 391 | 385a | 385b | 439 | 389i | 392 | 389ii | 437 | 438 | Σ | Hg |
Y1 | 13 | 25 | 16 | 11 | 13 | 17 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 28 | 15 | 10 | 6 | I2b2 |
Y2 | 13 | 25 | 15 | 11 | 13 | 17 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 27 | 15 | 10 | 3 | I2b2 |
Y3 | 13 | 23 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 14 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 29 | 15 | 12 | 1 | R1b |
Y4 | - | - | (17) | (11) | - | - | (11) | 12 | - | - | - | 10 | 1 | I2b2 |
Y5 | 13 | 25 | 15 | 11 | 11 | (13) | 11 | 13 | 11 | 30 | 14 | 11 | 2 | R1a |
Y6 | 13 | 24 | 16 | 11 | 13 | 17 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 28 | 15 | 10 | 3 | I2b2 |
nd | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | - |
= allele unsure or assignment of an individual, nd = not determined
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