Growth Form
Lichens are informally classified by growth form into:
- crustose (paint-like, flat), e.g., Caloplaca flavescens
- filamentous (hair-like), e.g., Ephebe lanata
- foliose (leafy), e.g., Hypogymnia physodes
- fruticose (branched), e.g., Cladonia evansii, C. subtenuis, and Usnea australis
- leprose (powdery), e.g., Lepraria incana
- squamulose (consisting of small scale-like structures, lacking a lower cortex), e.g., Normandina pulchella
- gelatinous lichens, in which the cyanobacteria produce a polysaccharide that absorbs and retains water.
Read more about this topic: Lichen
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