LEOPARD syndrome (also known as Cardiocutaneous syndrome, Gorlin syndrome II, Lentiginosis profusa syndrome, Progressive cardiomyopathic lentiginosis, Capute-Rimoin-Konigsmark-Esterly-Richardson syndrome, or Moynahan syndrome), which is part of a group called Ras/MAPK pathway syndromes, - is a rare autosomal dominant, multisystem disease caused by a mutation in the protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 gene (PTPN11). The disease is a complex of features, mostly involving the skin, skeletal and cardiovascular systems, which may or may not be present in all patients. The nature of how the mutation causes each of the condition's symptoms is not well known; however, research is ongoing. It is a RASopathy.
Related to Noonan syndrome, LEOPARD syndrome is caused by a different missense mutation of the same gene. Noonan syndrome is fairly common (1:1,000 to 1:2,500 live births), and neurofibromatosis 1 (which was once thought to be related to LEOPARD syndrome) is also common (1:3500); however, no epidemiological data exists for LEOPARD syndrome.
Read more about LEOPARD Syndrome: Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Prognosis, Treatment, Epidemiology, History
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