Kaufman
- Kaufman, Texas
- Kaufman County, Texas
- Abraham Kaufman (1885–1971), a Russian-born medical doctor, community organizer and Zionist
- Alan S. Kaufman (born 1944), psychologist/IQ test developer
- Andrew Kaufman, Canadian writer
- Andy Kaufman (1949–1984), American entertainer
- Ariel Durant (born Chaya Kaufman), historian and writer, wife of Will Durant
- Bel Kaufman (born 1911), author of Up the Down Staircase and granddaughter of Sholom Aleichem
- Benjamin Kaufman (Medal of Honor) (March 10, 1894 – February 5, 1981) World War I Medal of Honor recipient
- Boris Kaufman, younger brother of Dziga Vertov
- Charlie Kaufman, American screenwriter
- David S. Kaufman, American politician
- David Kaufman, American voice actor
- David Kaufman, theater critic
- David Kaufmann, Jewish-Austrian scholar
- Denis Abramovich Kaufman
- Denis Arkadievich Kaufman
- Donald Kaufman (1930–2009), American toy collector
- Edward E. "Ted" Kaufman, American politician
- George S. Kaufman, American playwright
- Gerald Kaufman, British Member of Parliament
- Harold R. Kaufman (born 1926), American physicist, developed Kaufman ion source
- Henry Kaufman (born 1927), German-American economist
- Herbert Kaufman
- Irving Kaufman (1910–1992), American federal judge
- Irving Kaufman (1890–1976) American entertainer
- Isidor Kaufman (Isidore Kaufmann), Hungarian Jewish painter
- James C. Kaufman
- Konstantin Kaufmann (1818–1882) Russian general
- Lloyd Kaufman
- Louis Kaufman, violinist
- Mel Kaufman, football player for the Washington Redskins.
- Millard Kaufman, American screenwriter and novelist
- Morris Kaufman, a Manitoba judge
- Moisés Kaufman, playwright and director
- Murray the K (Murray Kaufman)
- Nadeen L. Kaufman psychologist/IQ test developer
- Nikolay Kaufman, Bulgarian musicologist
- Philip Kaufman, film director
- Philip A. Kaufman (Phil Kaufman), an American engineer, the namesake of the Phil Kaufman Award
- Stephen R. Kaufman
- Terrence Kaufman, linguist and professor at the University of Pittsburgh
- Wendy Kaufman
- William E. Kaufman, rabbi, philosopher
- Dr. Kaufman, a villain in Tomorrow Never Dies
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