James Hutton FRSE (Edinburgh, 3 June 1726 OS – 26 March 1797) was a Scottish physician, geologist, naturalist, chemical manufacturer and experimental agriculturalist. His work helped to establish the basis of modern geology. His theories of geology and geologic time, also called deep time, came to be included in theories which were called plutonism and uniformitarianism. He is also credited as the first scientist to publicly express the Earth was alive and should be considered a superorganism.
Read more about James Hutton: Early Life and Career, Theory of Rock Formations, Publication, Opposing Theories, Acceptance of Geological Theories, Works
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“Where liberty dwells there is my country.”
—Anonymous. Latin phrase.
Adopted as a motto by U.S. patriot and orator James Otis (1725-1783)
“an age of unscrupulous and shameless book-making, it is a duty to give notice of the rubbish that cumbers the ground. There is no credit, no real power required for this task. It is the work of an intellectual scavenger, and far from being specially honourable.”
—Richard Holt Hutton (1826–1897)