Introducing Interference Between Parts
An interference fit is generally achieved by shaping the two mating parts so that one or the other, or both, slightly deviate in size from the nominal dimension. The word interference refers to the fact that one part slightly interferes with the space that the other is taking up.
For example, a shaft may be ground slightly oversize and the hole in the bearing (through which it is going to pass with an interference fit) may be ground slightly undersized. When the shaft is pressed into the bearing, the two parts interfere with each other's occupation of space. The result is that both parts elastically deform slightly to fit together creating an extremely high force which results in extremely high friction between the parts—so high that even large amounts of torque cannot turn one of them relative to the other; they are locked together and turn in unison.
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