Material and Spectral Properties
ITO is a heavily-doped n-type semiconductor with a large bandgap of around 4 eV. Because of the bandgap, it is mostly transparent in the visible part of the spectrum. In the ultraviolet, it is opaque because of band-to-band absorption (a UV photon can excite an electron from the valence band to the conduction band). In the near infrared, it also opaque, because of free carrier absorption (an infrared photon can excite an electron from near the bottom of the conduction band to higher within the conduction band).
Read more about this topic: Indium Tin Oxide
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