Indirect Horizontal Effect
It has been argued that the Human Rights Act 1998 has not created rights which can be directly relied on between private parties (Direct Horizontal Effect) but has instead created a right, to privacy for example, by requiring courts to have regard to Convention rights through s. 6 of the 1998 Act. Some commentators therefore argue that the Act is horizontally effective. Baroness Hale in Campbell v MGN stated "The 1998 Act does not create any new cause of action between private persons. But if there is a relevant cause of action applicable, the court as a public authority must act compatibly with both parties' Convention rights.”
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Famous quotes containing the words indirect, horizontal and/or effect:
“... so long as the serpent continues to crawl on the ground, the primary influence of woman will be indirect ...”
—Ellen Glasgow (1873–1945)
“In bourgeois society, the French and the industrial revolution transformed the authorization of political space. The political revolution put an end to the formalized hierarchy of the ancien regimé.... Concurrently, the industrial revolution subverted the social hierarchy upon which the old political space was based. It transformed the experience of society from one of vertical hierarchy to one of horizontal class stratification.”
—Donald M. Lowe, U.S. historian, educator. History of Bourgeois Perception, ch. 4, University of Chicago Press (1982)
“Governing today means giving acceptable signs of credibility. It is like advertising and it is the same effect that is achieved—commitment to a scenario.”
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