Draft of 1887
Originally the symbols had different phonetic values from language to language. For example, ⟨c⟩ trancribed both English and French ch. However, over time it was decided to restrict each symbol to a single pronunciation. In 1887, the first draft of this standardized alphabet, adequate for English, French, and German, was published, as follows:
| Blab. | Ldent. | Dent. | Alv. | Palv. | Pal. | Velar | Uvular | Glot. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p | b | t | d | k | g | ' | |||||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɴ | ɴ | ||||||||||||||
| Lateral | l | ʎ | ||||||||||||||||
| Rhotic | r | ʀ | ||||||||||||||||
| Semivowel | w | ɥ | ᴜ | j | ||||||||||||||
| Fricative | f | v | θ | ð | s | z | c | ʒ | ç | x | q | h | ||||||
| Front | Central | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i • y | u | |||
| Close-mid | e • ɶ | o | |||
| ə | |||||
| Open-mid | ɛ • œ | ɔ | |||
| æ | |||||
| Open | a | ᴀ | |||
Note: this early version of the IPA was presented as a list (with examples from European languages) instead of the articulatory charts used today.
Read more about this topic: History Of The International Phonetic Alphabet
Famous quotes containing the words draft of and/or draft:
“News is the first rough draft of history.”
—Philip L. Graham (1915–1963)
“It is crystal clear to me that if Arabs put down a draft resolution blaming Israel for the recent earthquake in Iran it would probably have a majority, the U.S. would veto it and Britain and France would abstain.”
—Amos Oz (b. 1939)