History Of 19th Century Congressional Redistricting In Ohio
The redistricting of United States congressional districts is made by the legislatures of the states every 10 years, immediately following the official announcement of the federal census that serves as the basis of the apportionment. It was long the practice that the apportionment thus made stood until after the next decennial census.
However, the power rests with the legislature to change or adjust the apportionment during the interim and in 1845, the tradition in Ohio of reapportioning following the decennial census was broken. For the last half of the century, it was the policy of the party in power in the legislature to secure the largest amount of political advantage in making the apportionments, and they were made whenever the political control of the assembly changed. From 1878 to 1892, the state was reapportioned six times as power oscillated between the two parties.
A partisan majority in the legislature has it in their power to so apportion the districts as to enable the minority of the voters in the state to elect a majority of the congressional delegation, or to empower a bare majority of the voters to elect almost the entire delegation, in effect disenfranchising the minority. No apportionment of Ohio was absolutely free from partisan bias, but some have been notoriously unjust and unfair.
Read more about History Of 19th Century Congressional Redistricting In Ohio: Territorial Representation — 1799 To 1802, Statehood Representation — 1803 To 1812, First Apportionment — 1812 To 1822, Second Apportionment — 1822 To 1832, Third Apportionment — 1832 To 1842, Fourth Apportionment — 1842 To 1845, Fifth Apportionment — 1845 To 1852, Sixth Apportionment — 1852 To 1862, Seventh Apportionment — 1862 To 1872, Eighth Apportionment — 1872 To 1878, Ninth Apportionment — 1878 To 1880, Tenth Apportionment — 1880 To 1882, Eleventh Apportionment — 1882 To 1884, Twelfth Apportionment — 1884 To 1886, Thirteenth Apportionment — 1886 To 1890, Fourteenth Apportionment — 1890 To 1892, Fifteenth Apportionment — 1892 To 1902
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