Appearance
All full moons rise around the time of sunset. Because the moon orbits the earth in the same direction the earth is rotating, the moon rises later each day – on average about 50 minutes later each day (24/29.5 hours, or the number of hours in a solar day divided by the number of solar days it takes for the moon to orbit the earth). The Harvest Moon and Hunter's Moon are unique because the time difference between moonrises on successive evenings is much shorter than average. The moon rises approximately 30 minutes later from one night to the next, as seen from about 40 degrees N. or S. latitude. Thus, there is no long period of darkness between sunset and moonrise for several days following the actual date of the full moon. In times past this feature of these autumn moons was said to help farmers working to bring in their crops, or in the case of the Hunter's Moon, hunters tracking their prey. They could continue being productive by moonlight even after the sun had set. Hence the name Harvest Moon.
The reason for the shorter-than-usual rising time between successive moonrises around the time of the Harvest- and Hunter's-Moon is that the plane of moon's orbit around the earth makes a narrow angle with respect to the horizon in the evening in autumn.
The Harvest Moon is the full moon closest to the autumnal equinox. About once every four years, it occurs in October in the northern hemisphere. Currently, the latest possible Harvest Moon is on October 11.
When the night of the Harvest Moon coincides with the night of the equinox, it is called a "Super Harvest Moon". In 2010, the harvest moon happened only 5½ hours after the autumnal equinox, creating the first Super Harvest Moon since 1991.
Often, the Harvest Moon seems to be bigger or brighter or more colorful than other full moons. The warm color of the Moon shortly after it rises is caused by light from the Moon passing through a greater amount of atmospheric particles than when the moon is overhead. The atmosphere preferentially scatters the bluish component of moonlight, which is really reflected white light from the sun, while allowing more of the reddish component of the light to pass though to one's eyes. Hence all celestial bodies look reddish when they are low in the sky.
It appears larger in size because the brain perceives a low-hanging moon to be larger than one that's high in the sky. This is known as a Moon illusion, and it can be seen with any full Moon. It can also be seen with constellations; in other words, a constellation viewed low in the sky will appear bigger than when it is high in the sky.
Read more about this topic: Harvest Moon
Famous quotes containing the word appearance:
“Most lovers ... picture to themselves, in their mistresses, a secret reality, beyond and different from what they see every day. They are in love with somebody else—their own invention. And sometimes there is a secret reality; and sometimes reality and appearance are the same. The discovery, in either case, is likely to cause a shock.”
—Aldous Huxley (1894–1963)
“You speak of poverty and dependence. Who are poor and dependent? Who are rich and independent? When was it that men agreed to respect the appearance and not the reality?”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
“By nature servile, people attempt at first glance to find signs of good breeding in the appearance of those who occupy more exalted stations.”
—Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (1860–1904)