Gilmour is a surname, and may refer to:
- Alan Gilmour, Scottish/Australian playwright and librettist
- Bill Gilmour, various, including:
- Bill Gilmour (director) (born 1939), television director for soap opera Coronation Street
- Bill Gilmour (politician) (born 1942), Canadian politician
- Billy Gilmour (1885–1959), Canadian ice hockey player
- Clyde Gilmour (1912–1997), Canadian broadcaster and print journalist
- David Gilmour, various, including:
- Dave Gilmour (ice hockey b. 1882) (1882–1932), Canadian hockey player for the Ottawa Silver Seven
- Dave Gilmour (ice hockey b. 1950), major league ice hockey player for the Calgary Cowboys
- David Gilmour (writer), Canadian writer and television journalist
- David Gilmour, English guitarist and member of Pink Floyd
- Sir David Gilmour, 4th Baronet
- Dean Gilmour, Canadian dramatist
- Doug Gilmour (born 1963), Canadian ice hockey player
- Ian Gilmour, Baron Gilmour of Craigmillar (1926–2007), British politician
- James Gilmour (disambiguation), various
- John Gilmour, various, including:
- Sir John Gilmour of Craigmillar (1605–1671), Lord President of the Court of Session 1661–1671
- Sir John Gilmour, 1st Baronet (1845–1920), Scottish Unionist politician
- Sir John Gilmour, 2nd Baronet (1876–1940), Scottish Unionist politician, Home Secretary, Secretary of State for Scotland
- Sir John Gilmour, 3rd Baronet (1912–2007), Scottish Conservative Party politician, Member of Parliament for East Fife 1961–1979