Geography of Bihar - Geology

Geology

Bihar is located in Indo-Gangetic plain so naturally fertile soil is one of asset of the state. Thus Indo-Gangetic plain's soil is the backbone of agricultural and industrial development in Bihar.The Indo-Gangetic plain in Bihar consists of a thick alluvial mantle of drift origin overlying in most part. The siwalik and older tertiary rocks. The soil is mainly young loam rejuvenated every year by constant deposition of silt, clay and sand brought by different streams but mainly by floods in Bihar

This soil is deficient in phosphoric acid, nitrogen and humus, but potash and lime are usually present in sufficient quantity. The most common soil in Bihar is Gangetic alluvium of Indo-Gangetic plain region, Piedmont Swamp Soil which is found in northwestern part of West Champaran district and Terai Soil which is found in northern part of Bihar along the border of Nepal. clay soil, sand soil and loamy soil are common in Bihar.