Differential Diagnosis
Fever is a common symptom of many medical conditions:
- Infectious disease, e.g., influenza, HIV, malaria, infectious mononucleosis, or gastroenteritis
- Various skin inflammations, e.g., boils, or abscess
- Immunological diseases, e.g., lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, Kawasaki disease
- Tissue destruction, which can occur in hemolysis, surgery, infarction, crush syndrome, rhabdomyolysis, cerebral hemorrhage, etc.
- Reaction to incompatible blood products
- Cancers, most commonly kidney cancer and leukemia and lymphomas
- Metabolic disorders, e.g., gout or porphyria
- Thrombo-embolic processes, e.g., pulmonary embolism or deep venous thrombosis
Persistent fever that cannot be explained after repeated routine clinical inquiries is called fever of unknown origin.
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