Causes
Numerous medical causes of dyspareunia exist, and they can be broken down into congenital and acquired causes in this list non-comprehensive list:
- Congenital
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- endometriosis
- vaginal septa
- thickened undialatable hymen
- hypoplasia of the introitus
- ovarian cysts can cause deep pain
- Acquired
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- infections (candidiasis, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, urinary tract infections, pelvic inflammatory disease)
- vulvar vestibulitis
- tumors like uterine fibroids can cause deep pain
- xerosis (dryness, especially after the menopause)
- interstitial cystitis
- uterine prolapse
- LSEA
- Surgical complications, including female genital mutilation, when the introitus has become too small for normal penetration (often worsened by scarring)
- Causes that can be either acquired or congenital
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- retroverted uterus
- vaginismus
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