Doping at The Tour de France - Status of Tour de France Winners

Status of Tour De France Winners

Years	Name	Status	Details
2012	Bradley Wiggins	Never tested positive
2011	Cadel Evans	Never tested positive
2007 2009–2010	Alberto Contador	Tested positive Banned for two years	Named in Operación Puerto doping case, but later declared clean. Tested positive during 2010 Tour de France for the banned stimulant clenbuterol. Suspended for two years. Andy Schleck named as winner by default
2008	Carlos Sastre	Never tested positive
2006	Floyd Landis	Tested positive Banned for two years	Tested positive for high testosterone to epitestosterone ratio; Óscar Pereiro named as winner by default - Clean but cleared after testing positive for salbutamol. In 2010 admitted to taking EPO, testosterone, human growth hormone and blood transfusions along with female hormones and insulin.
1999–2005	Lance Armstrong	Banned for life. Retroactively stripped of all titles since August 1998.	Tested positive for glucocorticosteroid hormone without prescription given in advance. Associated with Michele Ferrari, who is suspected of prescribing doping agents. Allegations by former assistant for Androstenine use. Alleged EPO use in 1999 Tour de France. According to court testimony by former teammate, Frankie Andreu, Armstrong admitted to doping to his doctor when in hospital for cancer treatment. Floyd Landis accused Armstrong of doping in 2002 and 2003, and claimed that U.S. Postal team director Johan Bruyneel had bribed former UCI president Hein Verbruggen to keep quiet about a positive Armstrong test in 2002. Landis also maintains that he witnessed Armstrong receiving multiple blood transfusions, and dispensing testosterone patches to his teammates on the United States Postal Service Team. Former team-mate Tyler Hamilton accused Armstrong of doping with testimony to a federal grand jury during an investigation of Armstrong. Hamilton implicated that Armstrong had used EPO on the TV news show 60 Minutes. Implicated in a massive doping scheme by findings by USADA in 2012. Consequently banned for life and stripped of all career titles since August 1998.
1998	Marco Pantani	Never tested positive Banned for six months	Failed a blood test in 1999 Giro d'Italia. Insulin found in his hotel room in the 2001 Giro d'Italia, but later declared clean "for not having committed any infraction." Nonetheless, the UCI confirmed the suspension.
1997	Jan Ullrich	Never tested positive Banned from the 2006 Tour Retroactively stripped of titles 2005-2007.	Tested positive for amphetamines (off season, not taken for athletic performance gain) Involved in the Operacion Puerto case. DNA subsequently linked to blood bag discovered during Puerto investigation
1996	Bjarne Riis	Never tested positive Confessed doping use	Confessed having used EPO in 1996
1991–1995	Miguel Indurain	Tested positive Never sanctioned	Tested positive for salbutamol in 1994, however both the IOC and UCI allowed Indurain, and asthma sufferers to use Salbutomol at the time.
1986 1989–1990	Greg LeMond	Never tested positive
1988	Pedro Delgado	Tested positive Never sanctioned	Tested positive for probenecid in the 1988 Tour de France, although it was not illegal for cyclists at that time
1987	Stephen Roche	Never tested positive Never sanctioned	According to an investigation in Italy into the practices of Francesco Conconi, Roche received EPO in 1993
1978-1979 1981-1982 1985	Bernard Hinault	Never tested positive
1983–1984	Laurent Fignon	Tested positive	In 1989 Fignon tested positive after a team time trial tested positive for amphetamines at the Grand Prix de la Liberation in Eindhoven on 17 September 1989.
1980	Joop Zoetemelk	Tested positive	Tested positive in the 1977 (pemoline), 1979 (steroids) and 1983 Tour de France (nandrolon, although that was retracted later)
1975 1977	Bernard Thévenet	Never tested positive Confessed doping use	Admitted using steroids in the 1975 and 1977 Tour
1976	Lucien Van Impe	Never tested positive
1969-1972 1974	Eddy Merckx	Tested positive	Merckx has tested positive three times, but never at the Tour de France. He was expelled from the 1969 Giro d'Italia after testing positive for Reactivan. He tested positive for Mucantil after winning the 1973 Giro di Lombardia. The drug was later take off the banned list. In the 1977 Flèche Wallonne, Merckx tested positive for Stimul (pemoline), along with Freddy Maertens and Michel Pollentier .
1973	Luis Ocaña	Tested positive	Tested positive in the 1977 Tour de France (pemoline) 18st stage.
1968	Jan Janssen	Never tested positive
1967	Roger Pingeon	Never tested positive
1966	Lucien Aimar	Tested positive Banned for one month	Missed the 1969 Vuelta a España due to a one-month doping ban.
1965	Felice Gimondi	Never tested positive
1957 1961–1964	Jacques Anquetil	Confessed doping use	Debated with French government minister on television, saying "Leave me in peace; everybody takes dope." After winning Liège–Bastogne–Liège in 1966, was temporarily disqualified after refusing a drug test, saying he had already been to the toilet. He was later reinstated after he engaged a lawyer as the case was never heard.

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