Digestive System Surgery

Digestive system surgery can be divided into upper GI surgery and lower GI surgery.

Upper gastrointestinal surgery, often referred to as upper GI surgery, refers to a practise of surgery that focuses on the upper parts of the gastrointestinal tract. There are many operations relevant to the upper gastrointestinal tract that are best done only by those who keep constant practise, owing to their complexity. Consequently, a general surgeon may specialise in 'upper GI' by attempting to maintain currency in those skills.

Upper GI surgeons would have an interest in, and may exclusively perform, the following operations:

Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Esophagectomy
Liver resection

Lower gastrointestinal surgery refers to a sub-specialisation of medical practise whereby a general surgeon focuses on the lower gastrointestinal tract.

A lower GI surgeon might specialise in the following operations:

Colectomy
Low or ultralow resections for rectal cancer, etc.

Compare upper gastrointestinal surgery.

Digestive system surgical and other procedures / Digestive system surgery (ICD-9-CM V3 42–54, ICD-10-PCS 0D)

Digestive tract

Upper GI tract

SGs/Esophagus	Esophagectomy Heller myotomy Sialography Impedance-pH monitoring Esophageal pH monitoring Esophageal motility study

Stomach	Gastrostomy Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Gastrectomy Billroth I Billroth II Roux-en-Y Bariatric surgery Gastric bypass surgery Adjustable gastric band Sleeve gastrectomy Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery Gastroenterostomy Hill repair Nissen fundoplication Gastropexy Collis Gastroplasty Pyloromyotomy

Medical imaging	Endoscopy: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Upper gastrointestinal series Barium swallow

Lower GI tract

Small bowel	Bariatric surgery Duodenal switch Jejunoileal bypass Jejunostomy Ileostomy Partial ileal bypass surgery

Large bowel	Colectomy Colostomy Appendicectomy Hartmann's operation Colonic polypectomy

Rectum	Lower anterior resection Abdominoperineal resection

Anal canal	Rubber band ligation Anal sphincterotomy Lateral internal sphincterotomy Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization Anorectal manometry

Medical imaging	Endoscopy: Colonoscopy Proctoscopy Sigmoidoscopy Enteroscopy Anoscopy Capsule endoscopy Transrectal ultrasonography Abdominal ultrasonography Enteroclysis Small bowel follow-through Lower gastrointestinal series Virtual colonoscopy Defecating proctogram Double-contrast barium enema Endoanal ultrasound

Stool tests	Fecal pH test Stool guaiac test Fecal fat test

Accessory

Liver	Hepatectomy Liver transplantation Artificial extracorporeal liver support Liver dialysis Bioartificial liver devices Liver biopsy

Gallbladder, bile duct	Cholecystostomy ERCP Cholecystectomy Hepatoportoenterostomy Medical imaging: Cholangiography PTC IV MRCP Cholecystography Cholescintigraphy

Pancreas	Pancreatectomy Pancreaticoduodenectomy Pancreas transplantation Puestow procedure Frey's procedure

Abdominopelvic

Peritoneum	Laparoscopy Diagnostic peritoneal lavage Paracentesis Intraperitoneal injection Peritoneal dialysis Omentopexy

Hernia	Hernia repair: Inguinal hernia repair Femoral hernia repair

Other

Laparotomy
- Exploratory laparotomy
Rapid urease test/Urea breath test

CPRs

Ranson criteria
MELD

M: DIG

anat (t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon

proc, drug (A2A/2B/3/4/5/6/7/14/16), blte

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