Scottish Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic retains traces of both the absolute/conjunct distinction and the deuterotonic/prototonic distinction. The absolute/conjunct distinction is retained in the habitual present tense (also used as, and often referred to as, the future tense) of regular and many irregular verbs. In these cases, the independent form of the verb ends in -(a)idh (cf. Old Irish gaibid above), while the dependent form drops this ending (cf. Old Irish ·gaib above). For example:
| Independent | Dependent | Gloss |
|---|---|---|
| glacaidh | glac | will grasp |
| òlaidh | òl | will drink |
| cluinnidh | cluinn | will hear |
| ruigidh | ruig | will reach |
In other irregular verbs, the independent/dependent distinction (found in both the habitual present and in the past) is inherited from the Old Irish deuterotonic/prototonic distinction. For example:
| Independent | Dependent | Gloss |
|---|---|---|
| chì | faic | will see |
| chunnaic | faca | saw |
| gheibh | faigh | will get |
| chaidh | deachaidh | went |
Read more about this topic: Dependent And Independent Verb Forms
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