History
| Communist Youth League of China | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 中国共产主义青年团 | ||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中國共產主義青年團 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | Communist Youth League of China | ||||||||
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| Abbreviation | |||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 共青团 | ||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 共青團 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | Communist Youth League | ||||||||
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| Original name | |||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中国社会主义青年团 | ||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中國社會主義青年團 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | Socialist Youth League of China | ||||||||
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| Wartime name | |||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中国新民主主义青年团 | ||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中國新民主主義青年團 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | China New Democracy Youth League | ||||||||
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Founded in May 1920, it was originally named as the Socialist Youth League of China. Whilst the Party was officially established in July 1921, the Chinese Socialist Youth League was organized with the Party being set up throughout the country. In May 1922, the 1st National Congress (simplified Chinese: 全国代表大会; traditional Chinese: 全國代表大會; pinyin: Quánguó Dàibiǎo Dàhuì) of the League was held under the leadership of the Party, and therefore became a unified organization in China. In the 3rd National Congress in January 1925, the Chinese Socialist Youth League was renamed as the Chinese Communist Youth League. After the Sino-Japanese War, in order to adapt to the new social and political situation, it was officially renamed as the Chinese New Democracy Youth League in April 1949.
Later in May 1957, its name as the Chinese Communist Youth League was resumed, historically combining the congresses of all three leagues (the Chinese Socialist Youth League, the Chinese Communist Youth League as well as the Chinese New Democracy Youth League). During the 10 years of the Cultural Revolution, the functioning of the League was blocked and the Central Committee was disbanded as it was accused of revisionism; its functions were partly resumed in the early 1970s. From 1978 to 2008, six congresses were held.
The Communist Youth League has contributed a number of top echelon leaders of the Communist Party-led government of the People's Republic of China. The proliferation of leaders with a Youth League background has led to the informal name "Youth League faction" being used to describe certain members of the leadership at different times. The first "Youth League faction" was represented by Hu Yaobang (party chairman 1981-1982, party general secretary 1982-1987 following the abolition of the chairman position). The second "Youth League faction" is represented by Hu Jintao (General secretary since 2002, President since 2003). While there is no direct political lineage between the two Hus, Hu Jintao's administration has formally elevated the memory of the earlier Hu. In 2005, the 90th anniversary of Hu Yaobang's birth, a new museum and a series of commemorative books and television programs were launched.
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