Process Performance
Using two catalytic stages, the process will typically yield over 97% of the sulfur in the input stream. Over 2.6 tons of steam will be generated for each ton of sulfur yield.
The physical properties of elemental sulfur obtained in the Claus process can differ from that obtained by other processes . Sulfur is usually transported as a liquid (melting point 115 °C). In ordinary sulfur viscosity can increase rapidly at temperatures in excess of 160 °C due to the formation of polymeric sulfur chains but not so in Claus-sulfur. Another anomaly is found in the solubility of residual H2S in liquid sulfur as a function of temperature. Ordinarily the solubility of a gas decreases with increasing temperature but now it is the opposite. This means that toxic and explosive H2S gas can build up in the headspace of any cooling liquid sulfur reservoir. The explanation for this anomaly is the endothermic reaction of sulfur with H2S to polysulfane.
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