Other Representations
In contrast with Krishnamurti's approach, other articulations commonly include Choiceless Awareness (or related ideas and terms) as part, or as the hoped-for result, of specific methodologies and meditation techniques. Similar concepts and terms appeared or developed in various traditional and contemporary religious or spiritual doctrines and texts, and also within secular disciplines such as psychotherapy, rehabilitation medicine, and counseling.
One term that is often used as a near-synonym is "mindfulness", which as a concept has similarities to or may include Choiceless Awareness. Initially part of Buddhist meditation practice, it has been adapted and utilized for contemporary psychological treatment.
Kindred themes can be found in the doctrine and meditation practices (such as Vipassanā) associated with the Theravada school of Buddhism; and also in 20th-century offshoots like the Thai Forest Tradition and the Vipassana movement. Within these and similar fields – for example, the Shikantaza practice in Zen Buddhism, Choiceless (or Effortless) Awareness is considered to frequently be the result of a mature progression of practice.
The concept was included in the discourse of independent Hindu spiritual teacher Osho (Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh) (1931–90) while Tibetan Buddhism teacher Chogyam Trungpa (1939–87), who engaged in dialogue with Krishnamurti, used the term to describe the experience of "shunyata" (Śūnyatā) – in Sanscrit, "emptiness", or "ego-less perception".
Among other fields, the term has appeared in dispute resolution theory and practice, and has found application in artistic endeavors. In dramatic theory, theater criticism, and acting, it has been used to denote spontaneous creativity and related practices or attempts; it has additionally appeared in music works.
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