Free, Bound and Total Charge
In dielectric materials, the total charge of an object can separated into "free" and "bound" charges.
Bound charges set up electric dipoles in response to an applied electric field E, and polarize other nearby dipoles tending to line them up, the net accumulation of charge from the orientation of the dipoles is the bound charge. They are called bound because they cannot be removed: in the dielectric material the charges are the electrons bound to the nuclei.
Free charges are the excess charges which can move into electrostatic equilibrium, i.e. when the charges are not moving and the resultant electric field is independent of time, or constitute electric currents.
Read more about this topic: Charge Density
Famous quotes containing the words bound, total and/or charge:
“In the word of no master am I bound to believe.”
—Horace [Quintus Horatius Flaccus] (65–8 B.C.)
“For youth is a frail thing, not unafraid.
Firstly inclined to take what it is told.
Firstly inclined to lean. Greedy to give
Faith tidy and total. To a total God.”
—Gwendolyn Brooks (b. 1917)
“I charge thee, Satan, housed within this man,
To yield possession to my holy prayers.”
—William Shakespeare (1564–1616)