Cavoliniidae - Genera

Genera

Genera in the family Cavoliniidae include"

Genus Cavolinia Abildgaard, 1791 – A very distinctive shape of shell with a marked bulge on the ventral plate. The species consists of protandric hermaphrodites.

• Cavolinia angulosa
• Cavolinia couthouyi Dall, 1908
• Cavolinia gibbosa (d'Orbigny, 1836) – Gibbose Cavoline. Distribution: circumglobal, US Atlantic Coast, Bermuda, Cuba, Atlantic. Length: 10 mm.
  • Forma Cavolinia gibbosa f. flava (d'Orbigny, 1834)
  • Forma Cavolinia gibbosa f. gibboides Rampal, 2002
  • Forma Cavolinia gibbosa f. gibbosa (d'Orbigny, 1834)
  • Forma Cavolinia gibbosa f. plana Meisenheimer, 1905
• Cavolinia globulosa J.E.Gray, 1850 – Distribution: tropical Atlantic, Madagascar. Length: 8 mm long and 4.5 mm wide. Description: The globose, transparent shell with a brownish colour. The anterior section of the shell is rounded. The anterior section of the ventral side has strong transverse ribs.
• Cavolinia inflata
• Cavolinia inflexa (Lesueur, 1813) – Inflexed Cavoline. Distribution: circumglobal, Red Sea, Bermuda, Cuba, Brazil. Length: 7 mm.
  • Cavolinia inflexa labiata d’Orbigny, 1836
• Cavolinia longirostratus (de Blainville, 1821)
• Cavolinia occidentalis
• Cavolinia quadridentata
• Cavolinia telemus Linnaeus, 1767
• Cavolinia tridentata (Niebuhr, 1775) – Three-tooth Cavoline, Distribution: circumglobal, Gulf of Mexico, Mascarene Islands, Western Atlantic, South Africa, Red Sea. Length: 20 mm. Description: globose transparent shell, with pointed proto-conch and three distinctive posterior projections; two lateral mantle appendages; brownish color.
• Cavolinia trispinosa
• Cavolinia uncinata (Rang, 1829) – Uncinate Cavoline. Distribution: circumglobal, Red Sea, Gulf of Mexico.
  • Cavolinia uncinata uncinata Rang, 1829
  • Cavolinia uncinata pulsatapusilla Van der Spoel, 1993

Genus Diacavolinia van der Spoel, 1987

Twenty two species of Diacavolinia. Diacavolinia species are characterised by the absence of a caudal spine

• Diacavolina angulosa J.E. Gray, 1850 – Distribution: Indo-Pacific, Atlantic. Length: 4 mm.
• Diacavolinia bicornis van der Spoel, Bleeker and Kobayashi, 1993 – Distribution: Indo-Pacific, Atlantic Ocean. Length: 8 mm
• Diacavolina constricta van der Spoel, Bleeker and Kobayashi, 1993 – Distribution: Bermuda, Venezuela.
• Diacavolinia deblainvillei van der Spoel, Bleeker and Kobayashi, 1993 – Distribution: Caribbean, Western Atlantic. Length: 7 mm.
• Diacavolinia deshayesi van der Spoel, Bleeker and Kobayashi, 1993 – Distribution: Bermuda, Panama, French Guyana. Length : 8 mm.
• Diacavolinia elegans van der Spoel, Bleeker and Kobayashi, 1993 – Distribution: New Yersey. Length: 6 mm.
• Diacavolinia flexipes van der Spoel, Bleeker and Kobayashi, 1993 – Distribution: SE Asia. Length: 5 mm.
• Diacavolinia limbata van der Spoel, Bleeker and Kobayashi, 1993 – Distribution: Brazil, southern Indo-Pacific. Length: 13 mm.
• Diacavolinia longirostris (de Blainville, 1821) – Long-snout Cavoline, Distribution: circumglobal, Red Sea, Madagascar, West Pacific, Australian; Gulf of Mexico. Length: 7 mm; width: 4.9 to 6.8 mm. Description: globulous brownish shell with two distinct lateral spines and a long rostrum on the dorsal rim. Dorsal side of the shell is relatively flat whereas the ventral side is deeply rounded.
  • Diacavolinia longurostris angulata Souleyet, 1852
• Diacavolinia mcgowani van der Spoel, Bleeker and Kobayashi, 1993
• Diacavolinia ovalis van der Spoel, Bleeker and Kobayashi, 1993 – Distribution: Caribbean, West Atlantic. Length: 6 mm.
• Diacavolinia robusta van der Spoel, Bleeker and Kobayashi, 1993 – Distribution: Caribbean, West Atlantic. Length: 5.4 mm.
• Diacavolinia strangulata (G. P. Deshayes, 1823) – Distribution: Panama, Brazil, Cuba. Length: 4 mm.

Genus Diacria J. E. Gray, 1847

The genus comprises two species groups and a total of ten species. The species may be globular, with both dorsal and ventral sides rounded, or bilaterally symmetrical with a long caudal spine. The species are protandric hermaphrodites. They are the largest of the Cavoliniids.

• Diacria atlantica L. Dupont, 1979 – Distribution: Massachusetts. Length: 9 mm.
• Diacria costata G. Pfeffer, 1879 – Distribution: Indo-Pacific
• Diacria danae van Leyen and van der Spoel, 1982 – Distribution: circumglobal in warm seas. Length: 9 mm.
• Diacria maculata Bleeker and van der Spoel, 1988
• Diacria major (Boas, 1886) – Distribution: Florida, Bermuda, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean. Length: 13 mm
• Diacria quadridentata (de Blainville, 1821) – Four-tooth Cavoline. Distribution: circumglobal, Red Sea, Madagascar, Gulf of Mexico, Japan. Length: 3 mm; width : 1.8 to 2.5 mm. Description: a small, globular shell, with curved spinal and ventral sides. There are no caudal or lateral spines. The dorsal side extends further than the ventral side.
  • Diacria quadridentata costata Pfeiffer, 1879 – from Japan
• Diacria rampali Dupont, 1979 – Distribution: Florida, Brazil. Length: 10 mm
• Diacria rubecula Bontes & van der Spoel, 1998 – Distribution: warmer regions of North Atlantic. Length: 11 mm
• Diacria schmidti Leyen & van der Spoel, 1982 – Distribution: Pacific
• Diacria trispinosa (de Blainville, 1821) – Three-spine Cavoline. Distribution: circumglobal, Gulf of Mexico, Madagascar. Length: 13 mm; width: 10 mm. Description: The slightly transparent, brownish shell is bilaterally symmetrical and is darker on the ribbed sections. Very long caudal spine and strong lateral spines. There are five ribs on the dorsal side and three ribs on the ventral side.