Personalities
- Alfonso Carvajal (writer) (born 1958), Colombian writer and editor
- Andarín Carvajal (1875-1949), Cuban athlete
- Antonio Fernandez Carvajal (c.1590-1659), Portuguese Jewish merchant, and the first naturalized English Jew
- Beatriz Carvajal (born 1949), Spanish actress
- Bernardino López de Carvajal (1455-1523), Spanish cardinal
- Francisco de Carvajal (1464-1548), Spanish military officer, conquistador, and explorer
- Francisco Fernández Carvajal, priest in the Opus Dei Prelature and author of several books
- Francisco S. Carvajal, Mexican president in 1914
- Gaspar de Carvajal (c.1500 – 1584), Spanish Dominican missionary to the New World
- Iván Carvajal (born 1948), Ecuadorian poet, philosopher and writer
- José de Carvajal y Hué (1835-1899), Spanish lawyer, economist and politician
- José de Carvajal y Lancáster (1698-1754), Spanish statesman
- Juan Carvajal (1400-1469), Spanish cardinal
- Juan de Carvajal, Spanish conquistador, founder of El Tocuyo in 1545
- Luisa Carvajal y Mendoza (1566-1614), Spanish religious poet and writer
- Marcos Carvajal (born 1984), baseball player
- Máximo Carvajal (1935-2006), Chilean comic book artist
- Melitón Carvajal, Peruvian naval officer
- Patricio Carvajal (1916-1994), Chilean admiral
- Rafael Carvajal, President of Ecuador in 1865
- Tomás José González-Carvajal (1753-1834), Spanish poet and statesman
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