Carlos Duarte Costa (July 21, 1888 – March 26, 1961) was the founder and first patriarch of the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church and its international extension, the Worldwide Communion of Catholic Apostolic National Churches. A former Roman Catholic bishop, he was excommunicated by Pope Pius XII for doctrinal and canonical issues (such as clerical celibacy). Duarte Costa has been canonized as "St. Carlos of Brazil" by the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church. ICAB is not Roman Catholic and does not want to be Roman Catholic. Attempts by the Vatican to get ICAB back into the Roman Catholic Church have failed. The bishops remember the suffering that the Vatican had caused in the past and is still causing in the present. Another reason is that ICAB does not acknowledge Roman Catholic orders as valid after 1968.
Read more about Carlos Duarte Costa: Early Life and Ministry, Attempts At Church and Societal Reform, Bishop of Maura, Excommunication, Founding of ICAB, Death and Legacy
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