Calvin Wilson Mateer (Chinese: 狄考文; pinyin: Dí Kǎowén, 9 January 1836– 28 September 1908, the family name is quite frequently spelled as "Matteer") was a missionary to China with the American Presbyterian Mission. Calvin Mateer was a native of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Western Theological Seminary, Pittsburgh. After serving with the Presbyterian church of Delaware, Ohio for two years, he traveled to Dengzhou (today part of Penglai City, Shandong) with his wife Julia Brown Mateer in 1864 and served 40 years in China.
He was the chairman of the committee for Bible translation and presided over the translation of the widely circulated Chinese translation of the Holy Bible, The Chinese Union Version.
In 1882, Mateer founded Tengchow College as the first modern institution of higher education in China. Tengchow College became a predecessor of Cheeloo University, and finally of Shandong University.
He died in 1908 in Qingdao, China.
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