Brian Keenan (Irish Republican) - IRA Activity

IRA Activity

Despite his family having no history of republican tradition, Keenan joined the IRA in 1970 or 1971, and by August 1971 was the quartermaster of the Belfast Brigade. Keenan was an active IRA member planning bombings in Belfast and travelling abroad to make political contacts and arrange arms smuggling, acquiring contacts in East Germany, Libya, Lebanon and Syria. In 1972 Keenan travelled to Tripoli to meet with Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi in order to acquire arms and finance from his regime, and in early 1973 Keenan took over responsibility for control of the IRA's bombing campaign in England and also became IRA Quartermaster General.

In early 1974 Keenan planned to break Gerry Adams and Ivor Bell out of Long Kesh using a helicopter, in a method similar to Seamus Twomey's escape from Mountjoy Prison in October 1973, but the plan was vetoed by Billy McKee. Keenan was arrested in the Republic of Ireland in mid-1974, and served a twelve-month prison sentence before being released in July 1975. While being held in Long Kesh, Gerry Adams helped to devise a blueprint for the reorganisation of the IRA, which included the use of covert cells and the establishment of a Southern Command and Northern Command. As the architects of the blueprint—Adams, Bell and Brendan Hughes—were still imprisoned, Martin McGuinness and Keenan toured the country trying to convince the Army Council and middle leadership of the benefits of the restructuring plan, with one IRA member remarking "Keenan was a roving ambassador for Adams". The proposal was accepted after Keenan won support from the South Derry Brigade, East Tyrone Brigade and South Armagh Brigade, with one IRA member saying "Keenan was really the John the Baptist to Adams' Christ".

In December 1975 an IRA unit based in London were arrested following the six-day Balcombe Street Siege. The IRA unit had been active in England since late 1974 carrying out a series of bombings, and a few months after his release from prison Keenan visited the unit in Crouch Hill, London, to give it further instructions. In follow-up raids after the siege, police discovered crossword puzzles in his handwriting and his fingerprints on a list of bomb parts, and a warrant was issued for his arrest.

Garda Síochána informer Sean O'Callaghan states that Keenan recommended IRA Chief of Staff Seamus Twomey authorise an attack on Northern Ireland's Protestants in retaliation to an increase in attacks on Catholics by loyalists, such as the killing of three Catholics in a gun and bomb attack by the Ulster Volunteer Force on Donnelly's Bar in Silverbridge, County Armagh on 19 December 1975. According to O'Callaghan "Keenan believed that the only way, in his words, to put the nonsense out of the Prods was to just hit back much harder and more savagely than them", and Twomey sanctioned the sectarian Kingsmill massacre, when ten Ulster men returning home from their work were ordered out of a minibus they were travelling in, and executed en masse with a machine gun on 5 January 1976. This attack, however, was claimed by the South Armagh Republican Action Force and not the IRA.