List of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
| BMP | Known functions | Gene Locus |
|---|---|---|
| BMP1 | *BMP1 does not belong to the TGF-β family of proteins. It is a metalloprotease that acts on procollagen I, II, and III. It is involved in cartilage development. | Chromosome: 8; Location: 8p21 |
| BMP2 | Acts as a disulfide-linked homodimer and induces bone and cartilage formation. It is a candidate as a retinoid mediator. Plays a key role in osteoblast differentiation. | Chromosome: 20; Location: 20p12 |
| BMP3 | Induces bone formation. | Chromosome: 14; Location: 14p22 |
| BMP4 | Regulates the formation of teeth, limbs and bone from mesoderm. It also plays a role in fracture repair. | Chromosome: 14; Location: 14q22-q23 |
| BMP5 | Performs functions in cartilage development. | Chromosome: 6; Location: 6p12.1 |
| BMP6 | Plays a role in joint integrity in adults. Controls iron homeostasis via regulation of hepcidin. | Chromosome: 6; Location: 6p12.1 |
| BMP7 | Plays a key role in osteoblast differentiation. It also induces the production of SMAD1. Also key in renal development and repair. | Chromosome: 20; Location: 20q13 |
| BMP8a | Involved in bone and cartilage development. | Chromosome: 1; Location: 1p35-p32 |
| BMP8b | Expressed in the hippocampus. | Chromosome: 1; Location: 1p35-p32 |
| BMP10 | May play a role in the trabeculation of the embryonic heart. | Chromosome: 2; Location: 2p14 |
| BMP15 | May play a role in oocyte and follicular development. | Chromosome: X; Location: Xp11.2 |
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