A system of plant taxonomy, the Bessey system was published in
- Charles E. Bessey (1915). "The phylogenetic taxonomy of flowering plants". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (Missouri Botanical Garden Press) 2 (1/2): 109–164. doi:10.2307/2990030. JSTOR 2990030. available online at "Botanicus.org" (PDF). Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753999990002. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
Bessey considered Spermatophyta as having a polyphyletic origin, being composed by three different phyla, of which he only treated Anthophyta (syn.: Angiosperms).
With some modifications, most modern classifications - for example, those of Cronquist (1981, 1983, 1988), Takhtajan (1969, 1980, 1983, 1991), Stebbins (1974), R. Dahlgren (1975, 1980, 1983; R. Dahlgren et al. 1981; R. Dahlgren and Rasmussen 1983; R. Dahlgren and Bremer 1985; G. Dahlgren 1989), and Thorne (1976, 1981, 1983, 1992) - follow the Bessey tradition.
Sources for classification below: G. H. M. Lawrence (1951). Taxonomy of vascular plants. and original (1915).
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- phylum Angiospermae
- 1 classis Alternifoliae syn.:Monocotyledoneae
- 1 subclassis Strobiloideae
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- ordo Alismatales
- Alismataceae
- Butomaceae
- Triuridaceae
- Scheuchzeriaceae
- Typhaceae
- Sparganiaceae
- Pandanaceae
- Aponogetonaceae
- Potamogetonaceae
- ordo Liliales
- Liliaceae
- Stemonaceae
- Pontederiaceae
- Cyanastraceae
- Philydraceae
- Commelinaceae
- Xyridaceae
- Mayacaceae
- Juncaceae
- Eriocaulaceae as Eriocaulonaceae
- Thurniaceae
- Rapateaceae
- Najadaceae as Naiadaceae
- ordo Arales
- Cyclanthaceae
- Araceae
- Lemnaceae
- ordo Palmales
- Palmae as Palmaceae
- ordo Graminales
- Restionaceae
- Centrolepidaceae
- Flagellariaceae
- Cyperaceae
- Poaceae
- ordo Alismatales
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- 2 subclassis Cotyloideae
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- ordo Hydrales
- Vallisneriaceae syn.: Hydrocharitaceae
- ordo Iridales
- Amaryllidaceae
- Haemodoraceae
- Iridaceae
- Velloziaceae
- Taccaceae
- Dioscoreaceae
- Bromeliaceae
- Musaceae
- Zingiberaceae
- Cannaceae
- Marantaceae
- ordo Orchidales
- Burmanniaceae
- Orchidaceae
- ordo Hydrales
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- 1 subclassis Strobiloideae
- 1 classis Alternifoliae syn.:Monocotyledoneae
- phylum Angiospermae
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- 2 classis Oppositifoliae syn.: Dicotyledoneae
- 1 subclassis Strobiloideae
- 1 superordo Apopetalae-Polycarpellatae
- ordo Ranales
- Magnoliaceae
- Calycanthaceae
- Monimiaceae
- Cercidiphyllaceae
- Trochodendraceae
- Leitneriaceae
- Annonaceae as Anonaceae
- Lactoridaceae
- Gomortegaceae
- Myristicaceae
- Saururaceae
- Piperaceae
- Lacistemaceae
- Chloranthaceae
- Ranunculaceae
- Lardizabalaceae
- Berberidaceae
- Menispermaceae
- Lauraceae
- Nelumbonaceae as Nelumbaceae
- Cabombaceae
- Ceratophyllaceae
- Dilleniaceae
- Winteraceae as Winteranaceae
- ordo Malvales
- Sterculiaceae
- Malvaceae
- Bombacaceae as Bombaceae
- Scytopetalaceae
- Chlaenaceae syn.: Sarcolaenaceae
- Gonystylaceae
- Tiliaceae
- Elaeocarpaceae
- Balanopaceae as Balanopsidaceae
- Ulmaceae
- Moraceae
- Urticaceae
- ordo Sarraceniales
- Sarraceniaceae
- Nepenthaceae
- ordo Geraniales
- Geraniaceae
- Oxalidaceae
- Tropaeolaceae
- Balsaminaceae
- Limnanthaceae
- Linaceae
- Humiriaceae
- Rutaceae
- Simaroubaceae as Simarubaceae
- Burseraceae
- Meliaceae
- Malpighiaceae
- Trigoniaceae
- Vochysiaceae
- Polygalaceae
- Tremandraceae
- Dichapetalaceae
- Euphorbiaceae
- Callitrichaceae
- ordo Guttiferales
- Theaceae
- Cistaceae
- Guttiferae as Guttiferaceae
- Eucryphiaceae
- Ochnaceae
- Dipterocarpaceae
- Caryocaraceae
- Quiinaceae
- Marcgraviaceae
- Flacourtiaceae
- Bixaceae
- Cochlospermaceae
- Violaceae
- Malesherbiaceae
- Turneraceae
- Passifloraceae
- Achariaceae
- Caricaceae
- Stachyuraceae
- Koeberliniaceae
- ordo Rhoedales
- Papaveraceae
- Tovariaceae
- Nymphaeaceae
- Moringaceae
- Resedaceae
- Capparaceae as Capparidaceae
- Brassicaceae
- ordo Caryophyllales
- Caryophyllaceae
- Elatinaceae
- Portulacaceae
- Aizoaceae
- Frankeniaceae
- Tamaricaceae
- Salicaceae
- Podostemaceae as Podostemonaceae
- Hydrostachyaceae as Hydrostachydaceae
- Phytolaccaceae
- Basellaceae
- Amaranthaceae
- Chenopodiaceae
- Polygonaceae
- Nyctaginaceae
- Cynocrambaceae syn.: Theligonaceae
- Bataceae as Batidaceae
- ordo Ranales
- 2 superordo Sympetalae-Polycarpellatae
- ordo Ebenales
- Sapotaceae
- Ebenaceae
- Symplocaceae
- Styracaceae
- Fouquieriaceae
- ordo Ericales
- Clethraceae
- Ericaceae
- Epacridaceae
- Diapensiaceae
- Pyrolaceae
- Lennoaceae
- ordo Primulales
- Primulaceae
- Plantaginaceae
- Plumbaginaceae
- Myrsinaceae
- Theophrastaceae
- ordo Ebenales
- 3 superordo Sympetalae-Dicarpellatae
- ordo Gentianales
- Oleaceae
- Salvadoraceae
- Loganiaceae
- Gentianaceae
- Apocynaceae
- Asclepiadaceae
- ordo Polemoniales
- Polemoniaceae
- Convolvulaceae
- Hydrophyllaceae
- Boraginaceae as Borraginaceae
- Nolanaceae
- Solanaceae
- ordo Scrophulariales
- ordo Gentianales
- 1 superordo Apopetalae-Polycarpellatae
- 2 subclassis Cotyloideae
- 1 superordo Apopetalae
- ordo Rosales
- Rosaceae
- Malaceae
- Prunaceae
- Crossosomataceae
- Connaraceae
- Mimosaceae
- Cassiaceae
- Fabaceae
- Saxifragaceae
- Hydrangeaceae
- Grossulariaceae
- Crassulaceae
- Droseraceae
- Cephalotaceae
- Pittosporaceae
- Brunelliaceae
- Cunoniaceae
- Myrothamnaceae
- Bruniaceae
- Hamamelidaceae
- Casuarinaceae
- Eucommiaceae
- Platanaceae
- ordo Myrtales
- Lythraceae
- Sonneratiaceae
- Punicaceae
- Lecythidaceae
- Melastomataceae
- Myrtaceae
- Combretaceae
- Rhizophoraceae
- Oenotheraceae
- Halorrhagidaceae
- Hippuridaceae
- Cynomoriaceae
- Aristolochiaceae
- Rafflesiaceae
- Hydnoraceae
- ordo Loasales
- Loasaceae
- Cucurbitaceae
- Begoniaceae
- Datiscaceae
- Ancistrocladaceae
- ordo Cactales
- Cactaceae
- ordo Celastrales
- Rhamnaceae
- Vitaceae
- Celastraceae
- Buxaceae
- Aquifoliaceae
- Cyrillaceae
- Pentaphylacaceae
- Corynocarpaceae
- Hippocrateaceae
- Stackhousiaceae
- Staphyleaceae
- Geissolomataceae
- Penaeaceae
- Oliniaceae
- Thymelaeaceae
- Hernandiaceae
- Elaeagnaceae
- Myzodendraceae
- Santalaceae
- Opiliaceae
- Grubbiaceae
- Olacaceae
- Loranthaceae
- Balanophoraceae
- ordo Sapindales
- Sapindaceae
- Hippocastanaceae
- Aceraceae
- Sabiaceae
- Icacinaceae
- Melianthaceae
- Empetraceae
- Coriariaceae
- Anacardiaceae
- Juglandaceae
- Betulaceae
- Fagaceae
- Myricaceae
- Julianaceae
- Proteaceae
- ordo Apiales as Umbellales
- Araliaceae
- Apiaceae
- Cornaceae
- ordo Rosales
- 1 superordo Apopetalae
- 1 subclassis Strobiloideae
- 2 classis Oppositifoliae syn.: Dicotyledoneae
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- 2 superordo Sympetalae
- ordo Rubiales
- Rubiaceae
- Caprifoliaceae
- Adoxaceae
- Valerianaceae
- Dipsacaceae
- ordo Campanulales
- Campanulaceae
- Goodeniaceae
- Stylidiaceae
- Calyceraceae
- ordo Asterales
- Helianthaceae
- Ambrosiaceae
- Heleniaceae
- Arctotidaceae
- Calendulaceae
- Inulaceae
- Asteraceae
- Vernoniaceae
- Eupatoriaceae
- Anthemidaceae
- Senecionidaceae
- Carduaceae
- Mutisiaceae
- Lactucaceae
- ordo Rubiales
- 2 superordo Sympetalae
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