B
- Ibn Tahir al-Baghdadi (980, Baghdad, Iraq - 1037, ?) arithmetic
- Al-Baqillani (?, Basra, Iraq - 1013, Basra, Iraq) theologian, scholar, and Maliki lawyer
- Al-Battani (850, Harran, Turkey - 929, Qasr al-Jiss, Iraq) astronomer and mathematician
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