Geophysics
- Bouguer anomaly, anomaly in gravimetry
- Free-air anomaly, gravity anomaly that has been computed for latitude and corrected for elevation of the station
- Gravity anomaly, difference between the observed gravity and a value predicted from a model
- Iridium anomaly, very rare element in the Earth's crust
- Magnetic anomaly, local variation in the Earth's magnetic field
- Kursk Magnetic Anomaly, territory rich in iron ores located within Kursk Oblast, Belgorod Oblast, and Oryol Oblast
- Temagami Magnetic Anomaly, large buried geologic structure in the Temagami region of Ontario, Canada
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