Exploration and Settlement
- 18 January – construction of The Ghan railway line starts in Port Augusta, South Australia
- 3 September – the Main Southern railway line, New South Wales reached Wagga Wagga, New South Wales in an attempt to lure Riverina trade away from Victoria.
- European discovery of the Great Artesian Basin when a shallow bore near Bourke, New South Wales produced flowing water.
- Walcha, New South Wales proclaimed a town.
- The Brisbane suburb of Alderley, Queensland gained a post office.
- District of Kingaroy, Queensland settled.
- The railway system reached Morgan, South Australia which was proclaimed a town in the same year.
- Quorn, South Australia surveyed and declared a town.
- Charter of Snowtown, South Australia proclaimed.
Read more about this topic: 1878 In Australia
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Whose claim is good to being settled here
Before the era of colonization,
And before that of exploration even.
John Smith remarked them as he coasted by....”
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