1459 in England - Events

Events

  • 1450
    • 7 February - John de la Pole marries Lady Margaret Beaufort.
    • 15 April - Hundred Years' War: French defeat the English at the Battle of Formigny.
    • 3 May - Execution of William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk taking the blame for English losses in the Hundred Years' War.
    • 6 June–12 July - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Jack Cade leads a rebellion in Kent and Sussex against war taxes.
    • 12 August - Hundred Year's War: Cherbourg surrenders to the French, allowing France to take control of all of Normandy.
    • September - Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York marches an army to London and attacks alleged traitors in the royal government.
    • Extension of Great Malvern Priory begins, with exceptional stained glass windows.
  • 1451
    • June - At the insistence of Parliament, Henry cancels all land grants made during his reign.
    • 30 June - Hundred Years' War: Bordeaux surrenders to the French.
    • 21 August - Hundred Years' War: Bayonne surrenders to the French, ending British rule in Gascony.
    • September - The Duke of York refuses a royal summons to answer for breaking the peace.
  • 1452
    • February - The Duke of York calls for armed resistance to King Henry VI.
    • 1–3 March - Supporters of the Duke of York confront the royal army at Dartford. The Duke yields and is pardoned.
    • 21 July - John Kemp enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
    • 22 October - Hundred Years' War: John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury re-captures Bordeaux; England regains control of much of Gascony.
  • 1453
    • March - Parliament grants Henry generous taxes and condemns past rebels.
    • 17 July - Hundred Years' War: At the Battle of Castillon, the French under Jean Bureau defeat the English under the Earl of Shrewsbury, who is killed.
    • July - The King becomes mentally unstable; his cousin Richard, Duke of York acts as regent.
    • 24 August - Fighting in the north between the families of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick and the Earls of Northumberland.
    • 19 October - The Hundred Years' War comes to a close, with the French recapture of Bordeaux leaving the English retaining only Calais on French soil.
  • 1454
    • 15 March - Edward of Westminster invested as Prince of Wales.
    • 23 April - Thomas Bourchier enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury, an office he will hold for almost 32 years.
    • June - The Duke of York suppresses a rebellion led by Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter in the north of England.
    • December - Henry VI recovers from his mental instability; the Duke of York is dismissed as regent.
  • 1455
    • May - Garrison at Calais mutinies over pay arrears.
    • 22 May - Wars of the Roses: Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York defeats the army of Henry VI at the First Battle of St Albans; Henry is captured.
    • 19 November - The Duke of York is reinstated as regent.
    • November–December - Rioting and rebellion in Devon.
    • Earliest known reference to knitting in England.
  • 1456
    • 25 February - Richard of York dismissed as regent for the second time.
    • April - Calais mutiny ends when wool merchants agree to back the garrison's pay.
    • 17 August - Court moves to Coventry; Kenilworth Castle strengthened as the King's principal residence.
  • 1457
    • 1 January - Osmund of Salisbury (died 1099) is canonised, the last English saint created until the 20th century. His remains are translated from Old Sarum to Salisbury Cathedral on 23 July.
    • 28 August - French raiders sack Sandwich, Kent.
  • 1458
    • 25 March - Formal reconciliation between Yorkists and Lancastrians at St Paul's Cathedral, London.
    • May - Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick defeats a Spanish fleet in the English Channel.
    • Foundation of Magdalen College, Oxford.
  • 1459
    • 23 September - Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Blore Heath, Yorkists under the Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury defeat a Lancastrian force.
    • 12 October - Wars of the Roses: Lancastrian victory at the Battle of Ludford Bridge. Following the battle, the Duke of York flees to Ireland.
    • 10 November - Parliament, held at Coventry, condemns Yorkists as traitors.

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Famous quotes containing the word events:

    “One cannot be a good historian of the outward, visible world without giving some thought to the hidden, private life of ordinary people; and on the other hand one cannot be a good historian of this inner life without taking into account outward events where these are relevant. They are two orders of fact which reflect each other, which are always linked and which sometimes provoke each other.”
    —Victor Hugo (1802–1885)

    “All strange and terrible events are welcome,
    But comforts we despise.”
    —William Shakespeare (1564–1616)

    “The return of the asymmetrical Saturday was one of those small events that were interior, local, almost civic and which, in tranquil lives and closed societies, create a sort of national bond and become the favorite theme of conversation, of jokes and of stories exaggerated with pleasure: it would have been a ready- made seed for a legendary cycle, had any of us leanings toward the epic.”
    —Marcel Proust (1871–1922)