Yuan Chonghuan

Yuan Chonghuan (Wade-Giles: Yüan Ch'ung-huan; simplified Chinese: 袁崇焕; traditional Chinese: 袁崇煥; Mandarin Pinyin: Yuán Chónghuàn; Jyutping: Yun4 Sung4 Wun6; style names: Yuánsù (Wade-Giles: Yuan-su; Chinese: 元素) and Zìrú (Wade-Giles: Tzu-ju; Chinese: 自如); 6 June 1584 – 22 September 1630) was a famed patriot and military commander of the Ming Dynasty who battled the Manchus in Liaoning. He was of Cantonese origin. Yuan Chonghuan was known to have excelled in artillery warfare and successfully incorporated Western tactics with those of the East. Yuan's military career reached its height when he defeated Nurhaci and the Manchu army in the first Battle of Ningyuan. Later, Yuan also managed to defeat Nurhaci's son and successor, Huang Taiji, and his 200,000 mostly Mongol soldiers. However, Yuan was eventually tortured and executed by the Chongzhen Emperor under false charges which Huang Taiji is believed to have deliberately planted against him.