Wilhelm Dilthey - Weltanschauungen

Weltanschauungen

Dilthey developed a typology of the three basic Weltanschauungen, or World-Views, which he considered to be "typical" (comparable to Max Weber's notion of "ideal types") and conflicting ways of conceiving of man's relation to Nature.

• in Naturalism, represented by Epicureans of all times and places, man sees himself as determined by nature
• in the Idealism of Freedom (or Subjective idealism), represented by Friedrich Schiller and Immanuel Kant, man is conscious of his separation from nature by his free will
• in Objective idealism, represented by G. W. F. Hegel, Baruch Spinoza, and Giordano Bruno, man is conscious of his harmony with nature.

This approach influenced Karl Jaspers' Psychology of Worldviews as well as Rudolf Steiner.