Explanation of The Wieferich Property
The stronger version of Fermat's little theorem, which a Wieferich prime satisfies, is usually expressed as a congruence relation 2p − 1 ≡ 1 (mod p2). From the definition of the congruence relation on integers, it follows that this property is equivalent to the definition given at the beginning. Thus if a prime p satisfies this congruence, this prime divides the Fermat quotient . The following are two illustrative examples using the primes 11 and 1093:
For p = 11, we get which is 93 and leaves a remainder of 5 after division by 11, hence 11 is not a Wieferich prime. For p = 1093, we get or 530585362....3096656895 (320 intermediate digits omitted for clarity), which leaves a remainder of 0 after division by 1093 and thus 1093 is a Wieferich prime.
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