Walter Charles Langer (February 5, 1899 – July 4, 1981) was a Cambridge, Massachusetts psychoanalyst best known for his role in preparing a World War II psychological analysis of Adolf Hitler in 1943 for the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), that predicted his suicide as the "most plausible outcome" among several possibilities identified. Well before the assassination attempt in the summer of 1944, Langer's report also identified the possibility of a military coup against Hitler. The report is available online and, along with collateral material including a foreword, introduction and afterword, was published in 1972 by Basic Books as The Mind of Adolf Hitler.
Langer was born in South Boston to Charles Rudolph and Johanna Rockenbach, recent immigrants from Germany. He was Jewish on his mother's side. His older brother William became the history department chair at Harvard University, and took a leave of absence during World War II to serve as head of the Research and Analysis section of the Office of Strategic Services. Walter Langer, who for a time was also a professor at Harvard, held a Ph.D but not an M.D., and was the first person admitted to the American Psychiatric Association who lacked a medical degree.
Retired to Florida, Langer died in Sarasota in 1981, aged 82.
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