Logic and Mathematics
The field of mathematics is strongly based in logic; most, but not all, math operations provide statements whose truth, falsehood, or unknowability is beyond dispute. 2 + 2 = 4 is true, as is 28 = 256. 2 + 2 = 5 is false. The value of Chaitin's constant Ω is unknowable.
There are many other sciences that make an extensive use of maths, such as most formal sciences and physical sciences. The same rule applies to them, as far as it is based only on basic maths. Statements beyond mere calculations, such as proposed theories, must be described, cited and attributed as anything else.
Read more about this topic: Verifiability, Not Truth, Meaning of "truth" in Different Subject Areas
Famous quotes containing the words logic and/or mathematics:
“Our argument ... will result, not upon logic by itself—though without logic we should never have got to this point—but upon the fortunate contingent fact that people who would take this logically possible view, after they had really imagined themselves in the other man’s position, are extremely rare.”
—Richard M. Hare (b. 1919)
“In mathematics he was greater
Than Tycho Brahe, or Erra Pater:
For he, by geometric scale,
Could take the size of pots of ale;
Resolve, by sines and tangents straight,
If bread and butter wanted weight;
And wisely tell what hour o’ th’ day
The clock doth strike, by algebra.”
—Samuel Butler (1612–1680)