Venera - Flight Data For All Venera Missions

Flight Data For All Venera Missions

Name Mission Launch Survival Time (minutes) Results Orbiter or probe (flyby, atmospheric) Lander
1VA (proto-Venera) Flyby February 4, 1961 n/a Failed to leave earth orbit n/a
Venera 1 Flyby February 12, 1961 n/a Communications lost en route to Venus n/a
Venera 2MV-1 No.1 Atmospheric Probe August 25, 1962 n/a Escape stage failed; Re-entered three days later n/a
Venera 2MV-1 No.2 Atmospheric Probe September 1, 1962 n/a Escape stage failed; Re-entered five days later n/a
Venera 2MV-2 No.1 Flyby September 12, 1962 n/a Third stage exploded; Spacecraft destroyed n/a
Venera 3MV-1 No.2 Flyby February 19, 1964 n/a Did not reach parking orbit n/a
Kosmos 27 Flyby March 27, 1964 n/a Escape stage failed n/a
Venera 2 Flyby November 12, 1965 n/a Communications lost just before arrival n/a
Venera 3 Atmospheric Probe November 16, 1965 n/a Communications lost just before atmospheric entry. This was the first manmade object to land on another planet on March 1966 (crash). Probable landing region: -20° to 20° N, 60° to 80° E. n/a
Kosmos 96 Atmospheric Probe November 23, 1965 n/a Failed to leave Earth orbit, and reentered the atmosphere. Believed by some researchers to have crashed near Kecksburg, Pennsylvania on December 9, 1965, an event which became known as the "Kecksburg Incident" among UFO researchers. All Soviet spacecraft that never left Earth orbit were customarily renamed "Kosmos" regardless of the craft's intended mission. n/a
Venera 4 Atmospheric Probe June 12, 1967 n/a Arrived October 18, 1967 and was the first probe to enter another planet's atmosphere and return data. Although it did not transmit from the surface, this was the first interplanetary broadcast of any probe. Landed somewhere near latitude 19° N, longitude 38° E. n/a n/a
Kosmos 167 Atmospheric Probe June 17, 1967 n/a Escape stage failed; Re-entered eight days later n/a
Venera 5 Atmospheric Probe January 5, 1969 53* Arrived May 16, 1969 and successfully returned atmospheric data before being crushed by pressure within 26 kilometres (16 mi) of the surface. Landed at 3° S, 18° E. n/a
Venera 6 Atmospheric Probe January 10, 1969 51* Arrived May 17, 1969 and successfully returned atmospheric data before being crushed by pressure within 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) of the surface. Landed at 5° S, 23° E. n/a
Venera 7 Lander August 17, 1970 23 Arrived December 15, 1970, was the first successful landing of a spacecraft on another planet and survived for 23 minutes before succumbing to the heat and pressure. This was the first broadcast from another planet's surface. Landed at 5° S, 351° E.
Kosmos 359 Lander August 22, 1970 n/a Escape stage failed; Ended up in an elliptical Earth orbit
Venera 8 Lander March 27, 1972 50 Arrived July 22, 1972 and survived for 50 minutes before succumbing to the heat and pressure. Landed within a 150 kilometres (93 mi) radius of 10.70° S, 335.25° E.
Kosmos 482 Probe March 31, 1972 n/a Escape stage exploded during Trans-Venus injection; Some pieces re-entered and others remained in Earth orbit n/a
Venera 9 Orbiter and Lander June 8, 1975 53 Arrived October 22, 1975, sent back the first (black and white) images of Venus' surface while the lander survived 53 minutes before succumbing to the heat and pressure. Landed within a 150 kilometres (93 mi) radius of 31.01° N, 291.64° E.
Venera 10 Orbiter and Lander June 14, 1975 65 Arrived October 25, 1975, the lander surviving 65 minutes before succumbing to the heat and pressure. Landed within a 150 kilometres (93 mi) radius of 15.42° N, 291.51° E.
Venera 11 Flyby and Lander September 9, 1978 95 Arrived December 25, 1978, the lander survived for 95 minutes; however the imaging systems had failed. Landed at 14° S 299° E.
Venera 12 Flyby and Lander September 14, 1978 110 Arrived December 21, 1978, the lander surviving for 110 minutes and recorded what is thought to be lightning. Landed at 7° S 294° E.
Venera 13 Flyby and Lander October 30, 1981 127 Arrived March 1, 1982, returned the first colour images of Venus' surface and discovered leucite basalt in a soil sample using a spectrometer. Landed at 7.5° S, 303° E
Venera 14 Flyby and Lander November 14, 1981 57 Arrived March 5, 1982, a soil sample revealed tholeiitic basalt (similar to that found on Earth's mid-ocean ridges). Landed at 13.25° S, 310° E.
Venera 15 Orbiter June 2, 1983 n/a Arrived October 10, 1983 and mapped (along with Venera 16) the northern hemisphere down to 30 degrees from North (resolution 1-2 km) n/a
Venera 16 Orbiter June 7, 1983 n/a Arrived October 14, 1983 and mapped (along with Venera 15) the northern hemisphere down to 30 degrees from North (resolution 1-2 km) n/a
Vega 2 Orbiters, 2 landers June, 1985 see main articles Vega 1, Vega 2

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