A-stems
A-stems ( and ) comprise the largest class of nouns. As a rule, nouns belonging to this class, with the uninflected stem ending in short-a, are either masculine or neuter. Nouns ending in long-ā are almost always feminine. A-stem adjectives take the masculine and neuter in short-a, and feminine in long-ā in their stems. This class is so big because it also comprises the Proto-Indo-European o-stems.
| Masculine (vīra 'man, husband') | Neuter (dina 'day') | Feminine (bhāryā 'woman, wife') | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | vīras | vīrāu | vīrās(as) | dinam | dinai | dināni | bhāryā | bhāryai | bhāryās |
| Vocative | vīra! | vīrāu! | vīrās(as)! | dina! | dinai! | dināni! | bhāryai! | bhāryai! | bhāryās! |
| Accusative | vīram | vīrāu | vīrān | dinam | dinai | dināni | bhāryām | bhāryai | bhāryās |
| Instrumental | vīrainā | vīrābhyām | vīrāis | dinainā | dinābhyām | dināis | bhāryāyā | bhāryābhyām | bhāryābhis |
| Dative | vīrāya(i) | vīrābhyām | vīraibhyas | dināya(i) | dinābhyām | dinaibhyas | bhāryāyāi | bhāryābhyām | bhāryābhyas |
| Ablative | vīrāt | vīrābhyām | vīraibhyas | dināt | dinābhyām | dinaibhyas | bhāryāyās | bhāryābhyām | bhāryābhyas |
| Genitive | vīrasya(s) | vīrayaus | vīrānām | dinasya(s) | dinayaus | dinānām | bhāryāyās | bhāryayaus | bhāryānām |
| Locative | vīrai | vīrayaus | vīraiṣu | dinai | dinayaus | dinaiṣu | bhāryāyām | bhāryayaus | bhāryāsu |
Read more about this topic: Vedic Sanskrit Grammar, Morphology, Nouns