History
In 1911 a patent was issued in Great Britain for a unit injector resembling those in use today to Frederick Lamplough.
Commercial usage of unit injectors in the U.S. began in early 1930s on Winton engines powering locomotives, boats, even US Navy submarines, and in 1934, Arthur Fielden was granted U.S. patent No.1,981,913 on the unit injector design later used for the General Motors two-stroke diesel engines. Most mid-sized diesel engines used a single pump and separate injectors, but some makers, such as Detroit Diesel and Electro-Motive Diesel became well known for favoring unit injectors, in which the high-pressure pump is contained within the injector itself. Also Cummins PT (pressure-time) is a form of Unit Injection where the fuel injectors are on a common rail fed by a low pressure pump and the injectors are actuated by a third lobe on the camshaft. The pressure determines how much fuel the injectors get and the time is determined by the cam.
In 1994, Robert Bosch GmbH supplied the first electronic Unit Injector for commercial vehicles, and other manufacturers soon followed. In 1995, Electro-Motive Diesel converted its 710 diesel engines to electronic fuel injection, using an EUI which replaces the UI.
Today, major manufacturers include Robert Bosch GmbH, CAT, Cummins, Delphi Corp., Detroit Diesel and Electro-Motive Diesel.
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