Further Development and Applications
In 1993, CAT introduced "Hydraulically-actuated Electronic Unit Injection" (HEUI), where the injectors are no longer camshaft operated. First available on Navistar's 7.3 litres (445.5 cu in), V8 diesel engine. HEUI uses engine oil pressure to power high pressure fuel injection, where usual method of unit injector operation is the engine camshaft.
Unit injector fuel systems are being used on wide variety of vehicles and engines; commercial vehicle from manufacturers such as Volvo, Cummins, Detroit Diesel, CAT, passenger vehicles from manufacturers such as Land Rover and Volkswagen Group, among others, and locomotives from Electro-Motive Diesel.
The Volkswagen Group mainstream marques used unit injector systems (branded "Pumpe Düse", commonly appreviated to "PD") in their Suction Diesel Injection (SDI) and Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) diesel engines, however these engines have been replaced by common-rail designs, such as the new 1.6 TDI.
- In North America, the Volkswagen Jetta, Golf, and New Beetle TDI 2004-2006 are Mk4 Pumpe Düse (newer models use Mk5 BEW engines and older models use ALH engines).
Volkswagen Group major-interest truck and diesel engine maker Scania AB also use the unit injector system, which they call "Pumpe-Düse-Einspritzung", or "PDE".
Read more about this topic: Unit Injector
Famous quotes containing the word development:
“The man, or the boy, in his development is psychologically deterred from incorporating serving characteristics by an easily observable fact: there are already people around who are clearly meant to serve and they are girls and women. To perform the activities these people are doing is to risk being, and being thought of, and thinking of oneself, as a woman. This has been made a terrifying prospect and has been made to constitute a major threat to masculine identity.”
—Jean Baker Miller (20th century)