Finland
General economic entities
- Ay (avoin yhtiö, Swedish: öppet bolag): ≈ general partnership (use optional)
- Ky (kommandiittiyhtiö, Swedish kommanditbolag, Kb): ≈ limited partnership
- Oy (osakeyhtiö, Swedish: aktiebolag, Ab): ≈ Ltd. (UK). Minimum share capital €2500.
- Oyj (julkinen osakeyhtiö, Swedish: publikt aktiebolag, Abp): ≈ plc (UK)
- Ok (osuuskunta, Swedish: andelslag, Anl.): ≈ cooperative
- T:mi (toiminimi), Yksityinen elinkeinonharjoittaja (Swedish: firma/F:ma, enskild näringsidkare): sole proprietorship (use optional)
The abbreviations are usually in Finnish, but Swedish names may also be used either as is or in combination with Finnish, e.g. Oy Yritys Ab.
Non-profit entities
- rekisteröity yhdistys, abbr. ry (Swedish: förening, abbr. rf): registered association, capable of acting as a legal person
- rekisteröity puolue, abbr. rp Swedish: registrerat parti): registered political party
- säätiö, abbr. rs (Swedish: stiftelse): foundation
- uskonnollinen yhdyskunta (Swedish: religionssamfund), religious community
- voluntary associations chartered by statute law (e.g. Finnish Red Cross, National Defence Training Association of Finland, Finnish Bar Association)
For-profit entities of public law
- valtion liikelaitos (Swedish: statens affärsverk): commercial government agency, expected to fund themselves, but debts directly backed by state funds — distinguished from regular companies where the government owns stock. (See: List of Finnish government enterprises)
- kunnallinen liikelaitos (Swedish: kommunal affärsverk): municipal enterprise, similar as previous but run by a municipality
- paliskunta: a reindeer herding corporation, governed like a stock company except that the "stocks" are reindeer
Economic entities for special purpose
- asunto-osakeyhtiö (Swedish: bostadsaktiebolag), a limited liability company for the ownership, construction and maintenance of an apartment building
- julkinen keskinäinen vakuutusyhtiö, abbreviated jy (Swedish: publikt ömsesidigt försäkringsbolag), public mutual insurance company
- keskinäinen kiinteistöosakeyhtiö (Swedish: ömsesidiga fastighetsaktiebolag, a limited liability company for the ownership, maintenance and construction of real property.
- keskinäinen vakuutusyhtiö (Swedish: ömsesidigt försäkringsbolag), mutual insurance company
- laivaisännistöyhtiö (Swedish: partrederi), a type of general partnership for the owning of a merchantman
- säästöpankki (Swedish: sparbank), a type of loans and savings association
Real estate law corporations
In the corporations of real estate law, the ownership or membership may be vested either in the real property or in a legal or natural person, depending on the corporation type. In many cases, the membership or ownership of such corporation is obligatory for a person or property that fulfils the legal requirements for membership or wishes to engage in certain activities.
- keskivedenkorkeuden muuttamista varten perustettu yhteisö (Swedish: Sammanslutning som bildas för höjning av medelvattenståndet), a corporation of water law for the permanent change of the median water level
- ojitusyhteisö (Swedish: dikningssammanslutning), a corporation of water law for the construction and maintenance of ditches
- säännöstely-yhteisö (Swedish: regleringssammanslutning), a corporation of water law for the regulation of water level in a body of water
- tiekunta (Swedish: väglag), a type of limited-liability corporation for the maintenance of private road
- uittoyhteisö (Swedish: flottningssammanslutning), a corporation of water law for timber-floating
- vesioikeudellinen yhteisö (Swedish: vattenrättslig sammanslutning), a corporation of water law for a project that involves economic use of bodies of water
- yhteisalue (Swedish: samfälliga område), a corporation for the maintenance of a real property jointly used by several other properties or persons
- yhteismetsä (Swedish: samfälld skog), a jointly owned forest
- osakaskunta (historically "jakokunta"), a partition unit, i.e. a corporation for maintenance of the commons.
In addition to native types, European Union types are implemented:
- SE (Eurooppayhtiö), European Company
- SCE (Eurooppaosuuskunta), European Cooperative Society
- EEIG (Eurooppalainen taloudellinen etuyhtymä, Swedish: europeisk ekonomisk intressegruppering), European Economic Interest Grouping
Read more about this topic: Types Of Business Entity